Coupled Moment‐Axial Force Behavior in Bolted Joints

Generalised component-based model for beam-to-column connections including axial versus moment interaction

“…An important feature of this model is to account for the presence of the axial force. Results obtained by Wales & Rossow (1983) indicate that greater attention should be given to such axial forces, as a factor affecting the response of beam-to-column connections. Kennedy & Hafez (1984) used a technique of connection discretisation to describe the behaviour of header plate connections.…”

“…The determination of such characteristics requires a complete understanding of the behaviour of single components, as well as of the way in which they interact, as a function of the geometrical and mechanical factors of the complete connections, Nethercot & Zandonini (1989). Wales & Rossow (1983) practically introduced the use of mechanical models, or rather, a component-based method, when they developed a model for double web cleat connections, Fig. 1, in which the joint was idealised as two rigid bars connected by a homogeneous continuum of independent nonlinear springs.…”

“…Although this model had provided good agreement with comparisons done against the author's own tests for ultimate moment capacity, the prediction of the corresponding rotations were not as accurate. Chmielowiec & Richard (1987) extended the model proposed by Wales & Rossow (1983) to predict the behaviour of all types of cleated connections only subjected to bending and shear, Fig. 2.…”

“…For 10 years, since the proposed model by Wales & Rossow (1983) considering the bending moment and axial force interaction, nothing had been done in terms of these coupled effects until Madas (1993). Despite the fact that Wales & Rossow in 1983 noted that greater attention should be given to such axial forces, as a factor affecting the response of beam-to-column connections.…”

“…Despite the fact that Wales & Rossow in 1983 noted that greater attention should be given to such axial forces, as a factor affecting the response of beam-to-column connections. Madas (1993) extended the mechanical model proposed by Wales & Rossow (1983) to flexible endplate, double web angle and top and seat angle connections including both bare steel and composite connections. Fig.…”