Coupled radon, methane and nitrate sensors for large-scale assessment of groundwater discharge and non-point source pollution to coastal waters

Dulai, Henrietta; Camilli, Richard; Henderson, Paul B.; Charette, Matthew A.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.12.004

Cited by 88 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Specifically, water in the active layer (the surficial layer of the soil system above the permafrost that thaws every summer) could be transported into lakes and rivers during the thaw season (May−August) (10). Groundwater in some temperate climate regions can be highly enriched in methane (11), and groundwater discharge contributions to the methane budget of the coastal ocean and lakes in temperate climate have been reported (12,13). This conduit of methane transport may be particularly important in regions where organic-rich soils and anaerobic conditions promote methane production in the soil, such as in the Arctic (14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Methane transport from the active layer to lakes in the Arctic using Toolik Lake, Alaska, as a case study

Paytan

Lecher

Dimova

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Methane emissions in the Arctic are important, and may be contributing to global warming. While methane emission rates from Arctic lakes are well documented, methods are needed to quantify the relative contribution of active layer groundwater to the overall lake methane budget. Here we report measurements of natural tracers of soil/groundwater, radon, and radium, along with methane concentration in Toolik Lake, Alaska, to evaluate the role active layer water plays as an exogenous source for lake methane. Average concentrations of methane, radium, and radon were all elevated in the active layer compared with lake water (1.6 × 104 nM, 61.6 dpm⋅m−3, and 4.5 × 105 dpm⋅m−3 compared with 1.3 × 102 nM, 5.7 dpm⋅m−3, and 4.4 × 103 dpm⋅m−3, respectively). Methane transport from the active layer to Toolik Lake based on the geochemical tracer radon (up to 2.9 g⋅m−2⋅y−1) can account for a large fraction of methane emissions from this lake. Strong but spatially and temporally variable correlations between radon activity and methane concentrations (r2 > 0.69) in lake water suggest that the parameters that control methane discharge from the active layer also vary. Warming in the Arctic may expand the active layer and increase the discharge, thereby increasing the methane flux to lakes and from lakes to the atmosphere, exacerbating global warming. More work is needed to quantify and elucidate the processes that control methane fluxes from the active layer to predict how this flux might change in the future and to evaluate the regional and global contribution of active layer water associated methane inputs.

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confidence: 99%

Methane transport from the active layer to lakes in the Arctic using Toolik Lake, Alaska, as a case study

Paytan

Lecher

Dimova

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Of those new classes of sensors, most are focused on coastal areas because of higher power requirements, more onerous operation, maintenance, and calibration, as well as the higher signal-to-noise ratios present. Their use in the coastal ocean has increased dramatically in recent years from small process studies (e.g., Johnson and Coletti 2002;Sigleo et al 2005;Campbell et al 2013) to larger-scale use (e.g., Chavez et al 1997;Johnson et al 2009;Dulaiova et al 2010) because of both reduced sensor costs and a realization by nonscientific local ocean stakeholders that ocean biological and chemical information can be critical in decision making (Jannasch et al 2008;Ruhl et al 2011).…”

Section: A Relevant Global Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some considerations about coastal ocean observing systems

Brink¹,

Kirincich²

2017

j mar res

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Coastal ocean observing capabilities are evolving rapidly, both in terms of sensors and in terms of the volume of information available. We discuss the aspects of the coastal ocean that make it a unique environment, both in terms of physical processes and measurement techniques. Although many global-level systems are relevant to the coastal ocean, we concentrate on treating systems that are unique to the continental shelf environment. Further, we briefly discuss examples of measurement systems that would be useful for developing and driving ocean prediction systems.

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“…They concluded that the data resolution increase as the water flow rates increase and the optimum water flow rate is 17 L min −1 . Dulaiova et al [6] replaced the RAD AQUA in Dulaiova et al [4] method with a membrane contactor (Liquicel, manufactured by Membrana) to eliminate the RAD AQUA response time to water 222 Rn concentration fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the spatial distribution of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) along the Yatsushiro Inland Sea coastline, SW Japan, using 222Rn method

Nikpeyman

Hosono

Ono

et al. 2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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A towing method using 222 Rn can detect SGD signals in coastal areas. This study aims to evaluate the impact of topography and hydrology on SGD spatial distribution and the estimation of SGD patches along the coastlines. For this, we tried to determine the SGD signals in the study area and the maximum depth where the SGD rate is significant. The study conducted along the Yatsushiro Sea coastline, SW Japan. The estimated SGD distribution pattern suggests that the local topographic and geological settings govern the occurrence of SGD (recirculated seawater (RSGD) and terrestrially derived groundwater (FSGD)) as the primary deriving forces.

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Coupled radon, methane and nitrate sensors for large-scale assessment of groundwater discharge and non-point source pollution to coastal waters

Cited by 88 publications

References 31 publications

Methane transport from the active layer to lakes in the Arctic using Toolik Lake, Alaska, as a case study

Methane transport from the active layer to lakes in the Arctic using Toolik Lake, Alaska, as a case study

Some considerations about coastal ocean observing systems

Assessment of the spatial distribution of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) along the Yatsushiro Inland Sea coastline, SW Japan, using 222Rn method

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