“…The proposed models were used to analyse damage in different kinds of physical phenomenons , e.g. interface decohesion (Tvergaard and Hutchinson 1993), delamination (Geubelle and Baylor 1998;Pantano and Averill 2004;Turon et al 2007;Nguyen and NguyenXuan 2013), debonding (Needleman 1987;Tvergaard 1990;Inglis et al 2007), crack path in composites Wu et al 2013;Cid Alfaro et al 2010), etc, and have been implemented in different mathematical approaches like interface elements (Cerrone et al 2014;Caggiano and Etse 2015), embedded-extended discontinuities (Unger et al 2007;Linder et al 2011), phase-field approaches (Verhoosel and de Borst 2013), mesh free methods (Rabczuk and Samaniego 2008) and isogeometric analysis (Corbett and Sauer 2015), among others. The use of interface elements has been widely extended due to its versatility to reproduce complex crack path, crack nucleation, crack branching and fragmentation, either in homogeneous or composites materials.…”