Coupled velocity and temperature acoustic tomography in heated high subsonic Mach number flows

Otero, R; Lowe, K. Todd; Ng, W. F.; Silas, K A

doi:10.1088/1361-6501/ab24a3

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In this study, an acoustic pyrometer similar to the one proposed by DeSilva et al [7,8] was considered. Therefore, heavy-duty gas turbine exhaust was assumed to flow inside a stainless-steel pipe with a diameter of 1 m. The temperature and pressure of the turbine exhaust were supposed to be Texh = 813.15 K and pexh = 101325 Pa, respectively, whilst the gas relative humidity was considered RH = 70%.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, at the end of their experiment, they concluded that the chirp signal was the most robust to calculate the TOF in noisy environments. More recently, Otero et al [8] used AP to simultaneously measure jet velocity and static temperature fields in subsonic flows. In the study, they conducted a sensitivity analysis to assess the influence of different parameters on the accuracy of the reconstruction technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-of-flight estimation in acoustic pyrometry: sensitivity to pulse characteristics

Pettinari

Ferrari

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Acoustic pyrometry is a non-intrusive measurement technique that may have several applications in turbomachinery. This methodology estimates the gas temperature by measuring the time of flight of an acoustic wave moving through a medium. It can be accomplished by placing a sound source (emitter) and a set of microphones (receivers) on opposite sides of a section. The emitter generates a sound pulse, and the receivers detect it. Since the emitter-receiver distances are known and fixed, the average temperatures of the paths traversed by the acoustic pulse can be computed by estimating the time-of-flight through deconvolution techniques. However, despite the straightforward principle, an acoustic wave suffers a variation of amplitude when propagating within a medium because of energy losses and ambient noise. Hence, time-of-flight estimation becomes a critical task, especially when considering high-frequency waves or short distances between sensors. It is then fundamental to select proper acoustic waves to maximise the cross-correlation between the signals of the emitter-receiver couples, thus improving the accuracy of the time-of-flight measurements and, consequently, the estimation of the spatial temperature distribution within a specific area. This study is a preliminary investigation, based on a modelling approach, to estimate the impact of different acoustic waves on the accuracy of the time-of-flight measurement. The results of this analysis will be useful to design and setup an acoustic pyrometry application.

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Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-of-flight estimation in acoustic pyrometry: sensitivity to pulse characteristics

Pettinari

Ferrari

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…The uncertainties of measuring the geometry of the flowmeter were estimated as (resulting from the meters and their capabilities): b) The type B uncertainty of ∆t in the autocorrelator, we assume an error uniformly distributed over an interval of ± 10 samples, then: (6) c) The combined uncertainty is as follows: (7) Based on all partial uncertainties, the velocity uncertainty for highest experimental line velocity was determined to be:…”

Section: Experimental Linementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this area, it is also worth mentioning an older publication in which the authors also deal with the reconstruction of the velocity field using tomographic evaluation of the ultrasonic signal [4], [5] and [6]. The new publication [7] is also worth noting, in which the authors moved the field of application of the ultrasonic tomograph principle to the field of compressible fluid flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic methods for determining flows and velocity fields

Barraclough¹,

Cizek²,

Strob

et al. 2022

EPJ Web Conf.

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This paper introduces research and development of a modern non-invasive device for determining flows and velocity fields. This device is based on the ultrasonic method. The measured fluid flow is surrounded by appropriate ultrasonic transmitters and receivers, which communicate with each other. A physical principle of this method consists in an interaction of sound waves with a flow, which generates a certain delay in sound waves transmission. The found quantity is thus time delay. The device is being designed as a flowmeter and with advanced and extended postprocessing as a tomograph, which reconstructs a 3D vector field for big volumes. This whole process requires the following: development of an appropriate design of the ultrasonic flowmeter and tomograph, testing the signal transfer and also various postprocessing methods on a measurement accuracy, building of a special verification experimental equipment and building of an electronic device as a control unit and data acquisition system.

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“…The main parameters influencing the reliability of an AP measurement are seldom investigated in the literature. For instance, Otero et al [6] investigated the impact of several measurement parameters on the estimation accuracy of temperature and velocity fields in a subsonic flow. In particular, they found that the emitter and receiver number has the main influence on temperature reconstruction resolution, accuracy and computational cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of GT exhaust gas temperature by acoustic pyrometry: Preliminary error investigation

Caposciutti

Ferrari

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Acoustic pyrometry is an interesting technique that may find several useful applications in turbomachinery. It is well known that the speed of sound in a medium is directly related to its temperature. Acoustic pyrometry estimates the temperature of a gas by considering the time of flight of an acoustic wave moving through it. If one acoustic emitter-receiver couple is used, only the average temperature along the acoustic path can be determined. If multiple emitter-receiver couples laying on the same plane are used, a reconstruction of the temperature map in the section is possible. In this last case, the analysis is based on the fact that the temperature of each sub portion of the section affects the time of flight of all the acoustic paths travelling across it. Many parameters affect the accuracy of the measurement. They are mainly related to the physic of the sound propagation in a medium, the accuracy of the instrumentation used, the interaction between the acoustic wave and the flow velocity and the hardware set-up. In this study, the impact of the measurement set up of an acoustic pyrometry for the measurement of the exhaust gas temperature in a gas turbine was investigated to determine the optimal solution in terms of accuracy and robustness to uncertainties.

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Coupled velocity and temperature acoustic tomography in heated high subsonic Mach number flows

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Time-of-flight estimation in acoustic pyrometry: sensitivity to pulse characteristics

Time-of-flight estimation in acoustic pyrometry: sensitivity to pulse characteristics

Ultrasonic methods for determining flows and velocity fields

Measurement of GT exhaust gas temperature by acoustic pyrometry: Preliminary error investigation

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