“…These include, for example, the difficulty of coping with uncertainty and ambiguity (Berkman, Kemler, Marcus, & Silverman, 1985), the importance of positive cognitive strategies (Taylor, 1983), the common problems of ongoing disability and deteriorating conditions (Rolland, 1994), the impact of gender in coping with different types of stresses (Kessler & McLeod, 1984), the value of veteran patient groups and self-help organizations, the identification of common therapeutic processes (Jones & Pulos, 1993) and the critical role of social supports (Roberts, Cox, Shannon, & Wells, 1994;Wortman, 1984;Ell, 1984;Ell et al, 1989).…”