Covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes by aniline electrochemical polymerization

Baibarac, M.; Baltog, I.; Godon, C.; Lefrant, S.; Chauvet, O.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2004.07.030

Cited by 104 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Therefore, either the morphological modifications, electronic interactions, charge transfers or a combination of these effects may occur between the two constituents in the system [15][16][17][18]. Due to the nanoscale confinement in the system, the interaction via interfacial bonding is considered to play an essential role in the impacts [19][20][21][22][23]. Morphologically, the interfacial interaction sites on CNTs surface are: (a) defect sites at the tube ends and side walls (b) covalent side wall bindings (c) non-covalent exohedral side wall bindings and (d) endohedral filling (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes and Semiconducting Polymer Nanocomposites

Huyen¹

2011

Carbon Nanotubes - Synthesis, Characterization, Applications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes and Semiconducting Polymer Nanocomposites

Huyen¹

2011

Carbon Nanotubes - Synthesis, Characterization, Applications

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“…81 They investigated the electropolymerization of aniline in HCl solutions onto SW-CNT film and pointed out that the covalent functionalization of SW-CNT with polyaniline is obtained in two ways. The first is electrochemical polymerization of aniline on SW-CNT film using HCl solution which results in composites on the type of polyaniline (leuucoemeraldine base) and polyaniline (emeraldine base) functionalized SW-CNT.…”

Section: Grafting Of Polymers Onto Carbon Nanotube and Nanofiber By Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Polymer-grafted Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers

Tsubokawa

2005

Polym J

118

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ABSTRACT:Recent advances in surface grafting of polymers onto carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nanofibers, such as vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF), are reviewed. The grafting of polymers onto these surfaces was achieved by (1) the ''grafting onto'' method, (2) ''polymer reaction'' method, (3) ''grafting from'' method, and (4) ''stepwise growth'' method by dendrimer synthesis methodology. For the grafting of polymers, surface functional groups, such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, previously introduced onto the surface by oxidation with nitric acid, were used as grafting sites. These functional groups were converted into various initiating groups and surface initiated graft polymerization was achieved. The graphene sheet (polycondensed aromatic rings) of CNT and VGCF were used as grafting sites by using ligand-exchange reaction with polymers containing ferrocene moieties. The radical trapping nature of CNT and VGCF surface was used for the grafting of polymers. Dispersibility in solvents for good solvents of grafted polymer was remarkably improved by the surface grafting of polymers onto CNT and VGCF surfaces. The response of electric resistance of the composite prepared from polymer-grafted CNT and VGCF to solvent vapor and temperature is discussed. [DOI 10.1295/polymj.37.637] KEY WORDS Carbon Nanotube / Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber / Graphene Sheet / Surface Grafting of Polymer / Dispersibility / Composite / Electric Property / Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of considerable interest for applications to fabricating new engineering materials, because they have unique chemical, physical, and structure properties. 1-4 Among many different applications, a composite of CNT with polymer has been extensively investigated.4-8 The important problem for preparation of composites with polymers is the dispersion, compatibilization, and stabilization of CNT in the polymer matrices. Especially, singlewalled CNT (SW-CNT) is a strikingly inert material and usually in the form of bundles. To solve the problem, surface modification of CNT has been widely investigated. The covalent attachment of polymers, grafting of polymers, onto CNT is very effective because grafted polymers on the surface prevent the aggregation of CNT. Therefore, modification of CNT surface by grafting of polymers has been widely investigated by many researchers.Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) is a new class of carbon nanofiber different from carbon nano-tube in its method of production and lower cost. It is also different from the conventional pitch-based and poly-(acrylonitrile)-based carbon fiber in nano-sized diameter. 9 VGCF is generaly by the form of annular carbon layers arranged like a tree ring structure. The carbon rods have a high aspect ratio and nano-sized diameter ranging from 50 to 200 nm, which is between those of conventional carbon fibers (5-10 mm) and of carbon nanotubes (1-50 nm).10 Due to unique physical properties, such as excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, and good mechanical behavior, VGCF is of considerable interest. 11,12 ...

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“…For CNTs, the two experimental techniques have definitely contributed to the characterization of SWNTs, DWNTs, and MWNTs, as well as to evidence of n-or p-doping processes, oxidation or reduction reactions, breaking of the SWNT bundles into individual tubes and, more recently, to the separation of metallic and semiconducting CNTs [17,[22][23][24]. In the case of composites based on CNTs and CPs, the two methods have often been used to elucidate the interactions of CNTs with CPs [25,26]. In the case of CP/CNT composites, a detailed analysis of the literature indicates two main processes: either the polymer functionalizes the CNTs [6][7][8][9][10] or CPs are doped with CNTs, the latter resulting from a charge transfer between the two constituents [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of composites based on CNTs and CPs, the two methods have often been used to elucidate the interactions of CNTs with CPs [25,26]. In the case of CP/CNT composites, a detailed analysis of the literature indicates two main processes: either the polymer functionalizes the CNTs [6][7][8][9][10] or CPs are doped with CNTs, the latter resulting from a charge transfer between the two constituents [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Depending on the synthesis method, the functionalization of CNTs with CPs can be covalent or noncovalent [26,33].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%