Covalent grafting of unfunctionalized pristine MWCNT with Nylon-6 by microwave assist in-situ polymerization

Yáñez‐Macías, Roberto; Hernández‐Hernández, Ernesto; Gallardo-Vega, Carlos; Ledezma-Rodríguez, Raquel; Ziolo, Ronald F.; Mendoza-Tolentino, Yucundo; Fernández, Salvador; Ávila‐Orta, Carlos A.; García‐Hernández, Zureima; González‐Morones, Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121946

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…TGA curve of the GrO exhibits three characteristic weight losses: the first between 30 and 107°C, associated with adsorbed moisture; the second between 107 and 347°C, related to OH and COC functional groups; and the third at 347–600°C, corresponding to C═O and OC═O groups 45 . Regarding to nanohybrids, these only show a weight loss ranging from 250 to 500°C, typical of Nylon‐6 23,55 . Thus, TGA studies confirm hybridization as rGrOP‐Ny and rGrOF‐Ny showed weight losses of 72.9% and 65.8%, respectively; while GrO reached a maximum of 56.9%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…1 H NMR studies (Figure 8b) confirms that nanohybrids show the characteristic peaks of Nylon‐6, 52 with considerable broadening, due to that the chains are chemically grafted onto the GrO surface and restrict their mobility. Besides, their low molecular weight accentuates this effect 53–55 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, TGA studies confirm hybridization as rGrOP‐Ny and rGrOF‐Ny showed weight losses of 72.9% and 65.8%, respectively; while GrO reached a maximum of 56.9%. Furthermore, no weight losses related to GrO degradation are noticeable; indicating that all functional groups were reduced and chemically grafted with the Nylon‐6 chains 23,43,55,61 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, their low molecular weight accentuates this effect. [53][54][55] To confirm the chemical grafting in rGrOP-Ny and rGrOF-Ny specimens, XPS studies were performed where the survey spectra (Figure 9a) GrO initially shows the characteristic signals of O and C at 531 and 283 eV, 44,56 but rGrOP-Ny and rGrOF-Ny, reveal an additional signal of N at 397 eV.…”

Section: Effect On the Hybridization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, no weight losses related to GrO degradation are noticeable; indicating that all functional groups were reduced and chemically grafted with the Nylon-6 chains. 23,43,55,61 Table 3 summarizes the weight loss values of the nanohybrids obtained after irradiating between 100 and 500 W, where the grafting degree decreases with increasing irradiation energy. This behavior on rGOF-Ny is related to that previously discussed in the XRD section (Figure S11).…”

Section: Effect On the Hybridization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the dielectric heating of graphite oxide and its effect on the microwave‐assisted synthesis of Nylon‐6/graphite oxide polymeric hybrid nanocomposites

Ledezma-Rodríguez

Hernández

Yáñez‐Macías

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The present research focuses on the study of the microwave dielectric heating (DH) of graphite oxide (GrO) during the synthesis of Nylon-6/GrO hybrid polymeric nanocomposites (HPNCs) employing different microwave input powers and two GrO morphologies. In this regard, we evaluated GrO powder (GrOP) with dimensions ranging from nanometers to microns and GrO films (GrOF) with millimeter lengths and micron thicknesses. Both morphologies show the same oxidation degree and concentration of functional groups. However, they differ in the number of stacked graphene oxide sheets, thus modify their surface area. The results indicated that the morphology of GrO plays a determining role in its DH behavior in the microwave-assisted polymerization (MAP).On one hand, GrOF contains a high concentration of graphene sheets that induce both an increase in DH and the formation of hot spots. In addition, GrOF has a greater attractive force between its sheets, since its interlamellar space is smaller than 8.4 Å, which makes its exfoliation more difficult. The aforementioned effects significantly reduce the exfoliation and hybridization of GrOF. On the other hand, the larger interlamellar spacing in GrOP weakens the attractive forces compared to GrOF. The lower concentration of graphene oxide lamellae prevents the formation of hot spots, and homogeneously dissipates DH in the reaction medium, maximizing its exfoliation and hybridization. In addition, its behavior presents a defined trend concerning time. These results highlight the importance of considering the GrO morphology in the synthesis of HPNCs as it globally affects the MAPs process, as well as GrO reduction, exfoliation, and hybridization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect On the Hybridization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect On the Hybridization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the dielectric heating of graphite oxide and its effect on the microwave‐assisted synthesis of Nylon‐6/graphite oxide polymeric hybrid nanocomposites

Ledezma-Rodríguez

Hernández

Yáñez‐Macías

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Microwave dielectric heating affects the in‐situ polymerization process of Nylon‐6/Ag‐NPs hybrid polymer nanocomposite

Mendoza-Tolentino¹,

Romero-Zúñiga

Reyes³

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, the microwave synthesis of Nylon-6 hybrid polymeric nanocomposite (HPNC) was studied by the polymerization of ε-caprolactam, 6-aminocaproic acid, and 2% wt of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). It was determined that the dielectric heating (DH) of the Ag-NPs controls the thermal behavior of the HPNCs synthesis and triggers the chemical reaction between Ag-NPs and the Nylon-6 molecules. Such reaction promotes their coating with the polymer and their precipitation, which affects the agitation of the reaction mixture, and results in broader molecular weight distribution and three HPNC populations. Usually, the power output effect in these processes is thermal as it accelerates their heating rate. Still, for HPNCs, higher output reduces the agglomerate size of the Ag-NPs and accelerates their precipitation. At power up to 600 W, the DH of the Ag-NPs causes the explosion of the reaction vials.The antimicrobial activity of the HPNCs against P. aeruginosa is almost 100% effective at 180 min of exposure; therefore, this microwave synthesis process is suitable for producing antimicrobial HPNCs.

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Study of the microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of polysaccharides from agave fiber: production of hollow cellulose fibers

Romero-Zúñiga

Sanchez²,

Sifuentes‐Nieves

et al. 2023

Cellulose

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Covalent grafting of unfunctionalized pristine MWCNT with Nylon-6 by microwave assist in-situ polymerization

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

Study of the dielectric heating of graphite oxide and its effect on the microwave‐assisted synthesis of Nylon‐6/graphite oxide polymeric hybrid nanocomposites

Study of the dielectric heating of graphite oxide and its effect on the microwave‐assisted synthesis of Nylon‐6/graphite oxide polymeric hybrid nanocomposites

Microwave dielectric heating affects the in‐situ polymerization process of Nylon‐6/Ag‐NPs hybrid polymer nanocomposite

Study of the microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of polysaccharides from agave fiber: production of hollow cellulose fibers

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