Covalent Immobilization of Proteases on Polylactic Acid for Proteins Hydrolysis and Waste Biomass Protein Content Valorization

Abstract

The recovery of the protein component and its transformation into protein hydrolysates, generally carried out chemically, gives great added value to waste biomasses. The production of protein hydrolysates through enzymatic catalysis would guarantee to lower the environmental impact of the process and raise product quality, due to the reproducible formation of low molecular weight peptides, with interesting and often unexplored biological activities. The immobilization of the enzymes represents a good choice in terms of stability, recyclability and reduction of costs. In this context, we covalently linked proteases from Aspergillus oryzae to polylactic acid an eco-friendly biopolymer. The hydrolytic efficiency of immobilized enzymes was assessed testing their stability to temperature and over time, and checking the hydrolysis of model biomasses (casein and bovine serum albumin). Soybean waste extracts were also used as proof of principle.

Enhanced Stability of Long-Living Immobilized Recombinant β-d-N-Acetyl-Hexosaminidase A on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Films for Potential Biomedical Applications

“…The PLA films were then dried for 48 h at room temperature, removed from the Teflon disk, and finally cut into pieces with a surface of about 1 cm 2 (1 cm × 1 cm). The enzyme immobilization protocol involves a phase of functionalization of the support material and a subsequent activation phase [61]. A diethylenetriamine solution diluted in propanol at a concentration of 21% (v/v) was used to react with the material for 1 h at 55 • C. By doing so, it was possible to functionalize the polymer with NH 2 groups.…”

HexA-Enzyme Coated Polymer Nanoparticles for the Development of a Drug-Delivery System in the Treatment of Sandhoff Lysosomal Storage Disease

“…The immobilization protocol is the object of an Italian Patent n. 102020000003344 and has previously been described elsewhere [ 35 , 45 ]. It involves a first functionalization step in order to cover the material with NH 2 groups and a subsequent activation phase of the NPs with glutaraldehyde.…”

Building a bridge from solid wastes to solar fuels and chemicals via artificial photosynthesis

“…Honestly, regarding food waste valorization, even though hydrogen has been successfully obtained via artificial photosynthesis, a variety of oxidation products with low selectivity are obtained owing to the following two primary limitations: intricate structure and complex compositions of food waste. Take protein as an example, its high molecule weight (>68 KDa for bovine serum albumin) and spatial structure reckon it recalcitrant for valorization 164 . Therefore, a pre‐fractionation method, such as establishing tandem catalysis with biological fermentation, should be adopted.…”

“…Take protein as an example, its high molecule weight (>68 KDa for bovine serum albumin) and spatial structure reckon it recalcitrant for valorization. 164 Therefore, a pre-fractionation method, such as establishing tandem catalysis with biological fermentation, should be adopted. With the aid of microorganisms, the biomacromolecule (protein) can be efficiently broken into a smaller molecule, which is beneficial for further PR process.…”