Covalent organic frameworks as micro-reactors: confinement-enhanced electrochemiluminescence

Zeng, Weisheng; Wang, Kun; Liang, Wenbin; Chai, Yaqin; Yuan, Ruo; Zhuo, Ying

doi:10.1039/d0sc01817a

Cited by 81 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…First, NaYbF 4 @SiO 2 with large surface area and high porosity could enrich a large amount of coreactant K 2 S 2 O 8 from the solution, and the relatively confined pore space served as a microreactor to accelerate electro-chemical reduction of K 2 S 2 O 8 , thereby improving the ECL reaction efficiency. 33,34 Second, the channel structure could protect metastable reaction intermediates from environmental quenching, thus synergistically enhancing the ECL signal. The contact angle photographs also indicated that NaYbF 4 @SiO 2 exhibited the best wettability (Supporting Information Figure S10), which was more conducive to the transportation of coreactant molecules.…”

Section: Spectral Characterization Of the Naybf 4 And Naybf 4 @Sio 2 Core-shell Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF ₄ Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Pan

Wang

et al. 2022

CCS Chem

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Section: Spectral Characterization Of the Naybf 4 And Naybf 4 @Sio 2 Core-shell Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF ₄ Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Pan

Wang

et al. 2022

CCS Chem

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“…For example, Yuan’s group synthesized hydrophobic porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as microreactors to provide co-reactants with the microenvironment, thus achieving a confinement-enhanced ECL. 21 Yuan’s group also reported that the co-reactants could be enriched around the electrode surface by hydrophobic interaction between cholesterol and co-reactants. 22 However, the hydrophobic localized enrichment of co-reactants described above was for the co-reactants present in the detection solution, which still caused stability and repeatability problems in the ECL system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Localized Enrichment of Co-reactants to Enhance Electrochemiluminescence of Conjugated Polymers for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Proteins

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2022

Anal. Chem.

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The enrichment of co-reactants is one of the keys to improving the sensitivity of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection. This work developed a novel hydrophobic localized enrichment strategy of co-reactants utilizing the inner hydrophobic cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were grown in situ on the coordination sites for metal ions of β-CD to prepare the β-CD-Pt nanocomposite, which could not only enrich co-reactant 3-(dibutylamino) propylamine (TDBA) highly efficiently through its hydrophobic cavity but also immobilize TDBA via the Pt–N bond. Meanwhile, the carboxyl-functionalized poly[2,5-dioctyl-1,4-phenylene] (PDP) polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) were developed as excellent ECL luminophores. With SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (ncovNP) as a model protein, the TDBA-β-CD-Pt nanocomposite combined PDP PNPs to construct a biosensor for ncovNP determination. The PDP PNPs were modified onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to capture the first antibody (Ab 1 ) and further capture antigen and secondary antibody complexes (TDBA-β-CD-Pt@Ab 2 ). The resultant biosensor with a sandwich structure achieved a highly sensitive detection of ncovNP with a detection limit of 22 fg/mL. TDBA-β-CD-Pt shared with an inspiration in hydrophobic localized enrichment of co-reactants for improving the sensitivity of ECL detection. The luminophore PDP PNPs integrated TDBA-β-CD-Pt to provide a promising and sensitive ECL platform, offering a new method for ncovNP detection.

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“…Till now, only one ECL sensor based on Ru(bpy) 3 2+ @COF-LZU1 has been reported. 30 However, directly using COFs as ECL emitters to construct ECL sensors has never been reported. The reason might be that the ubiquitous strong π−π stacking interactions in COFs can easily trigger the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, which reduces the luminescence efficiency of COFs and thus leads to less or non-emissive COFs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Stable Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets as a New Generation of Electrochemiluminescence Emitters for Ultrasensitive MicroRNA Detection

et al. 2021

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A pyrene-based sp2 carbon-conjugated covalent organic framework (COF) nanosheet (Py-sp2c-CON) with strong and stable electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission was constructed by CC polycondensation of tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)pyrene (TFPPy) and 2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)diacetonitrile, which was employed as a highly efficient ECL emitter to fabricate an ECL biosensor for the first time. The Py-sp2c-CON exhibited higher ECL intensity and efficiency than those of TFPPy, bulk Py-sp2c-COF, and imine-linked pyrene COF, not only because the pyrene luminophores and aggregation-induced emissive luminogens (cyano-substituted phenylenevinylene) were topologically linked into Py-sp2c-CON, which greatly increased the immobilization amount of luminophores and decreased the aggregation-caused quenching effect and nonradiative transition but also because the porous ultrathin structure of Py-sp2c-CON effectively shortened transport distances of an electron, ion, and co-reactant (S2O8 2–), which made more ECL luminophores be activated and thus efficiently increased the utilization ratio of luminophores. More interestingly, when Bu4NPF6 was introduced into the Py-sp2c-CON/S2O8 2– system as a co-reaction accelerator, the ECL signal of Py-sp2c-CON was further amplified. As expected, the average ECL intensity of the Py-sp2c-CON/S2O8 2–/Bu4NPF6 system was about 2.03, 5.76, 24.31, and 190.33-fold higher than those of Py-sp2c-CON/S2O8 2–, Py-sp2c-COF/S2O8 2–, TFPPy/S2O8 2,– and imine-linked pyrene COF/S2O8 2– systems. Considering these advantages, the Py-sp2c-CON/S2O8 2–/Bu4NPF6 system was employed to prepare an ECL biosensor for microRNA-21 detection, which exhibited a broad linear response (100 aM to 1 nM) and a low detection limit (46 aM). Overall, this work demonstrated that sp2 carbon CONs can be directly used as a high-performance ECL emitter, thus expanding the application scope of COFs and opening a new horizon to develop new types of ECL emitters.

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Covalent organic frameworks as micro-reactors: confinement-enhanced electrochemiluminescence

Abstract: The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) micro-reactors with enhanced intensity and extreme stability were firstly established, unravelling the mechanism of ECL micro-reactors using COF-LZU1 assembled Ru(bpy)32+ as a case study.

Cited by 81 publications

References 31 publications

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF ₄ Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF ₄ Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Hydrophobic Localized Enrichment of Co-reactants to Enhance Electrochemiluminescence of Conjugated Polymers for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Proteins

Highly Stable Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets as a New Generation of Electrochemiluminescence Emitters for Ultrasensitive MicroRNA Detection

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Covalent organic frameworks as micro-reactors: confinement-enhanced electrochemiluminescence

Abstract: The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) micro-reactors with enhanced intensity and extreme stability were firstly established, unravelling the mechanism of ECL micro-reactors using COF-LZU1 assembled Ru(bpy)32+ as a case study.

Cited by 81 publications

References 31 publications

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF 4 Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF 4 Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Hydrophobic Localized Enrichment of Co-reactants to Enhance Electrochemiluminescence of Conjugated Polymers for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Proteins

Highly Stable Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets as a New Generation of Electrochemiluminescence Emitters for Ultrasensitive MicroRNA Detection

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Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF ₄ Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles

Highly Efficient Near-Infrared II Electrochemiluminescence from NaYbF ₄ Core Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanoparticles