Covalent organic frameworks for CO₂ capture: from laboratory curiosity to industry implementation

Abstract

Synergistic developments of covalent organic frameworks and engineering processes can expedite the qualitative leap for net-zero carbon emissions.

Photoresponsive Covalent Organic Frameworks: Visible‐Light Controlled Conversion of Porous Structures and Its Impacts

“…The capacity increment upon trans ‐to‐ cis isomerization (Figure 5f) most likely originates from the change in the pore environment, i.e., an increased polarity of the cis ‐tetrafluoroazobenzene unit to improve dipole‐quadrupole interactions of COFs with CO 2 molecules, [11,13] as well as enhanced pore volume, which work together to induce a high storage capacity (Figure 5f). Remarkably, the highest CO 2 uptake capacity is achieved by [ cis ‐4F‐Azo] 0.50 ‐TPB‐DMTP‐COF, with a value of 230 mg g −1 , which is one of the highest amongst COFs reported to date [9,38–40] …”

“…Remarkably, the highest CO 2 uptake capacity is achieved by [cis-4F-Azo] 0.50 -TPB-DMTP-COF, with a value of 230 mg g À 1 , which is one of the highest amongst COFs reported to date. [9,[38][39][40] Reversible Switch of CO 2 Uptake and Release. Intriguingly, these COFs enable photodynamic control of physical properties to regulate CO 2 uptake.…”

Expanding the horizons of covalent organic frameworks: sub-stoichiometric synthesis as an emerging toolkit for functional COFs

“…49–52 The field has also witnessed the utilization of unreacted sites, the introduction of non-interfering functional groups, and post-synthetic modifications that functionalize the pores or transform the linkages. 30,33,53 The functional versatility of such framework materials has led to various applications, including gas adsorption/separation, 54–57 host–guest chemistry, 58–61 sensing, 62–68 ion capture/transport, 69 catalysis, 70–76 and electrochemical applications. 77…”

Tailoring COFs: Transforming Nonconducting 2D Layered COF into a Conducting Quasi-3D Architecture via Interlayer Knitting with Polypyrrole

“…Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous materials typically synthesized through the covalent condensation of organic building units. − Since their initial discovery in 2005, COFs have garnered considerable attention on the topic of their topologies, crystallization mechanisms, and potential applications in energy storage, electrocatalysis, sensors, CO 2 capture, proton transport, and even water harvesting due to their unique structural and functional properties. − When it comes to use as charge storage components in electrical or electronic devices, the poor electronic conductivity of COFs limits their performance. However, numerous strategies are employed to improve their conductivity and achieve high performance. − The readily accessible approach for imparting conductivity was to load conducting polymers inside the COFs pore because it improves the conductivity as well as increases redox activity due to the increment of the number of lone-pair rich heteroatoms in the composite materials. − First, Dichtel and co-worker introduced 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) into 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone-2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (DAAQ-TFP) COF via facile electropolymerization to achieve composite films of COFs and conducting polymers .…”