Covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic applications

Yang, Qing; Luo, Maolan; Liu, Kewei; Cao, Hongmei; Yan, Haiyu

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.119174

Cited by 368 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…To date, several types of visible-light-responsive semiconductors containing metal oxysalts, [1b,8] metal/nonmental doped oxides, [9] (oxy)nitrides, [10] (oxy)sulfides, [1b,11] oxyhalides, [12] polymers, [13] covalent organic frameworks (COF), [14] and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been successfully developed for solar energy conversion. [15] Among these visiblelight-responsive photocatalysts, (oxy)nitrides with d 0 (Ti 4+ , Nb 5+ , and Ta 5+ ) and d 10 (Ga 3+ and Ge 4+ ) electronic configurations have been extensively investigated because their CB and VB positions typically straddle the proton reduction and water oxidation reaction potentials, which are expected to drive the OWS reaction for H 2 production (Figure 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Dong

Cui

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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(Oxy)nitride‐based nanophotocatalysts have been extensively investigated for solar‐to‐chemical conversion, and not only allow wide spectral utilization to achieve high theoretical energy conversion efficiency but also exhibit suitable conduction and valence band positions for robust reduction and oxidation of water. During the past decades, a few reviews on the research progress in designing and synthesizing new visible‐light‐responsive semiconductors for various applications in solar‐to‐chemical conversion have been published. However, those on the effects of their bulk and composite (surface/interface) nanostructures on basic processes as well as solar water splitting performances to produce hydrogen are still limited. In this review, a brief introduction on the relationship between the nanostructure photocatalytic properties is included. Three main processes of solar water splitting are involved, allowing the elucidation of the correlation with the nanostructural properties of the photocatalyst such as surface/interface, size, morphology, and bulk structure. Subsequently, the development of methodologies and strategies for modulating the bulk and composite structures to improve the efficiencies of the basic processes, particularly charge separation, is summarized in detail. Finally, the prospects of (oxy)nitride‐based photocatalysts such as controlled synthesis, modulation of 1D/2D morphology, exposed facet regulation, heterostructure formation, theoretical simulation, and time‐ and space‐resolved spectroscopy are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Dong

Cui

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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“…[ 1,2 ] 2D COFs with a variety of ordered π systems provide a desirable platform for developing visible‐light responsive photocatalysts for solar energy storage and conversion and have already shown potential applications in photocatalytic water splitting, CO 2 reduction, and organic synthesis. [ 3–11 ] In regardless of suitable bandgap and band structure, COFs in most cases afforded very low quantum efficiency in photocatalysis. Considering that the separation and transportation of the photogenerated charges is the key step in photosynthesis, the fast extraction of photogenerated electrons confined in π orbitals of COFs is very important for efficient photosynthesis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of NanoCOF/Polyoxometallate Composites for Photocatalytic NADH Regeneration via Cascade Electron Relay

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Solar RRL

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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are novel crystalline polymers with a unique designable feature at molecular level via weaving chemistry. [1,2] 2D COFs with a variety of ordered π systems provide a desirable platform for developing visible-light responsive photocatalysts for solar energy storage and conversion and have already shown potential applications in photocatalytic water splitting, CO 2 reduction, and organic synthesis. [3-11] In regardless of suitable bandgap and band structure, COFs in most cases afforded very low quantum efficiency in photocatalysis. Considering that the separation and transportation of the photogenerated charges is the key step in photosynthesis, the fast extraction of photogenerated electrons confined in π orbitals of COFs is very important for efficient photosynthesis. In natural photosynthesis, the photogenerated holes and electrons are spacially separated in PS II (catalyze H 2 O oxidation to H þ and O 2) and PS I (photoenzymatic reduction of NAD(P) þ to NAD(P)H). [12] The excited electrons are transferred from PS II to PS I through multistep with the assistance of mediators to inhibit the charge recombination. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, the utilization of an electron mediator is an efficient strategy to enhance the charge separation of COFs for efficient artificial photosynthesis. A good electron mediator should possess redox potentials alignment with the band structure of COFs and the properties of easy electron acception and donation. Polyoxometallates (POMs) could be reduced to heteropolyblue (HPB) via accepting electrons. [13] More interestingly, HPB can be excited by visible and near-infrared light at about 700 nm via intervalence charge transfer to regain the energy that is lost in the reduction process and the excited HPB* facilely denotes electrons to electron acceptors, e.g., H þ , O 2 , and metal complexes to drive the photocatalytic reductive reactions. Previous studies showed that the photocatalytic activity of semiconductors, e.g., C 3 N 4 , TiO 2 were greatly promoted by coupling with POM in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction, water oxidation, and organic pollutants removal due to the enhanced charge separation. [14-17] Though POM is a good candidate as electron mediator and electron storage tank, the coupling of COFs and POM has not been reported yet for artificial photosynthesis as far as we know, possibly related with the difficulty in hybridizing of the POM and COFs. Herein, we report the fabrication of nanoCOF/POM composites for the first time by simply mixing the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/sodium dodecyl sulfate (CTAB/SDS, molar ratio of 97/3) micelle stabilized nanoCOF colloid solution with Na 3 PW 12 O 40 (Scheme 1). NanoCOF/POM composites possess visible-light responsive properties inherited from nanoTp-TTA COF (synthesized using 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol and 4,4 0 ,4 00-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trianiline as precursors). The transfer of photogenerated electrons from nanoTp-TTA COF to

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“…[29][30][31] In addition, the ordered structure of 2D COFs can promote the transport of carriers in the stacking direction. [32][33][34][35] Based on the above views, 2D COFs have provided a fascinating platform for designing HER and OER catalysts. Up to now, there have been many gratifying researches of 2D COFs as catalysts to promote HER and OER.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Improving the Catalytic Performance of 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

Deng

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been deemed as clean and sustainable strategies to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems. Various catalysts have been developed to promote the process of HER and OER. Among them, twodimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) have received great attention due to their diverse and designable structure. In this minireview, we mainly summarize the diverse linkages of 2D COFs and strategies for enhancing the catalytic performance of 2D COFs for HER and OER, such as introducing active building blocks, metal ions and tailored linkages. Furthermore, a brief outlook for the development directions of COFs in the field of HER and OER is provided, expecting to stimulate new opportunities in future research.

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Covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic applications

Cited by 368 publications

References 154 publications

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Nanostructure Engineering and Modulation of (Oxy)Nitrides for Application in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting

Fabrication of NanoCOF/Polyoxometallate Composites for Photocatalytic NADH Regeneration via Cascade Electron Relay

Strategies for Improving the Catalytic Performance of 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

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