Covariances Between Traits Deriving From Successive Allocations of a Resource

Jong, G. de

doi:10.2307/2389869

Cited by 108 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Previous theoretical work has shown that tradeoffs between key life-history variables may be weak or nonexistent if resource acquisition is more variable than allocation (23, 24), if resource allocation occurs at an earlier hierarchical level (25)(26)(27)(28), if genetic tradeoffs are not constant and change in different environments (29,30), or if bet hedging is the dominant lifehistory strategy in the population (6). Nonetheless, a lack of evidence for growth/reproduction correlations within a population is frequently attributed to lack of power, superabundant Species, sample sizes, and statistics are as in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative correlation does not imply a tradeoff between growth and reproduction in California oaks

Knops¹,

Koenig

Carmen

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

126

121

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A tradeoff between growth and reproduction, often inferred from an inverse correlation between these two variables, is a fundamental paradigm of life-history evolution. Oak species provide a unique test of this relationship because different species mature acorns either in the year of pollination or in the year after pollination. This difference allows for an interspecific comparison testing whether the apparent tradeoff is causal or the result of confounding factors influencing growth and reproduction independently. Based on 13 years of data on five California oak species, we found significant negative correlations between radial growth and seed production in the three species that produce acorns the same year in which pollination occurs, but not in two species that mature acorns the year after pollination. Rainfall, which correlates positively with radial growth and correlates negatively with acorn production (based on the year of pollination), appears to be driving this pattern. We conclude that the observed negative correlations are not causal, but rather a consequence of growth and reproduction being dependent, in opposite ways, on environmental conditions. Thus, contrary to the current consensus, growth and reproduction in these species are apparently largely independent of each other. In contrast, tradeoffs between current and future reproduction appear to be much more important in the life-history evolution of these long-lived plants. We also conclude that a negative correlation does not necessarily imply a causal mechanism and should not be used as the only evidence supporting a tradeoff.allocation ͉ cost of reproduction ͉ life-history evolution ͉ reproductive effort ͉ masting

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative correlation does not imply a tradeoff between growth and reproduction in California oaks

Knops¹,

Koenig

Carmen

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

126

121

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“…The N related variables describe the energy investments into various functions and the working point is genetically determined at various stages in the decision tree (de Jong 1993). Often they analyze the partitioning of energy to reproduction and maintenance, which is called surplus power (Ware 1982;Bradshaw and Holzapfel 1996).…”

Section: Description Of Phenotype Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Optimality Applied to Drosophila Experiments: Hypothesis of Constrained Reproductive Efficiency

Novoseltsev¹,

Arking²,

Novoseltseva³

et al. 2002

Evolution

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Abstract. The general purpose of the paper is to test evolutionary optimality theories with experimental data on reproduction, energy consumption, and longevity in a particular Drosophila genotype. We describe the resource allocation in Drosophila females in terms of the oxygen consumption rates devoted to reproduction and to maintenance. The maximum ratio of the component spent on reproduction to the total rate of oxygen consumption, which can be realized by the female reproductive machinery, is called metabolic reproductive efficiency (MRE). We regard MRE as an evolutionary constraint. We demonstrate that MRE may be evaluated for a particular Drosophila phenotype given the fecundity pattern, the age-related pattern of oxygen consumption rate, and the longevity. We use a homeostatic model of aging to simulate a life history of a representative female fly, which describes the control strain in the longterm experiments with the Wayne State Drosophila genotype. We evaluate the theoretically optimal trade-offs in this genotype. Then we apply the Van Noordwijk-de Jong resource acquisition and allocation model, Kirkwood's disposable soma theory, and the Partridge-Barton optimality approach to test if the experimentally observed trade-offs may be regarded as close to the theoretically optimal ones. We demonstrate that the two approaches by Partridge-Barton and Kirkwood allow a positive answer to the question, whereas the Van Noordwijk-de Jong approach may be used to illustrate the optimality. We discuss the prospects of applying the proposed technique to various Drosophila experiments, in particular those including manipulations affecting fecundity.

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“…However, in the perennial grass Agropyron repens , Reekie (1991) observed no direct tradeoff between seed and vegetative reproduction (rhizome production) and proposed that allocation between the two modes of reproduction depended on their relative costs, which fl uctuate according to environmental conditions. The detection of a negative correlation between two traits implicating an allocation tradeoff is dependent on low variation in the amount of resource acquired by the individuals ( van Noordwijk and de Jong, 1986 ), the position of the two allocation traits measured in the allocation tree ( Worley et al, 2003 ), and the magnitude of the difference in the amount of resources translocated to the traits themselves ( de Jong, 1993 ). Nonetheless, consistent relationships between different traits provide a starting point for determining how plants allocate their resources as well as information on the ecological consequences of their present allocation patterns.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bud production and dynamics of flowering and vegetative tillers in Andropogon gerardii (Poaceae): the role of developmental constraints

Ott¹,

Hartnett²

2011

American J of Botany

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•Premise of the Study: Perennial grasses maintain aboveground tiller populations through vegetative reproduction via belowground buds and sexual reproduction via seed. The maintenance of a bud bank has important demographic consequences for perennial grasses. A tradeoff between these reproductive modes would be expected for a plant with limited resource availability. However, the ontogeny of the tiller could affect its ability to allocate between these two modes of reproduction.•Methods: Vegetative bud production and dynamics and tiller production were examined biweekly through an annual cycle on vegetative and flowering tillers of Andropogon gerardii.•Key Results: Andropogon gerardii maintains a large reserve of dormant buds. Although vegetative and flowering tillers had similar bud phenology, flowering tillers produced larger numbers of buds of larger size, and transitioned a larger proportion of their buds to tiller, than did vegetative tillers. Therefore, a negative consequence of sexual reproduction on vegetative reproduction was not evident at the tiller level. A size threshold for floral induction likely exists that results in flowering tillers having more buds per tiller than vegetative tillers. The increased bud outgrowth of flowering tillers could be a result of their larger bud size or weaker apical dominance as compared to vegetative tillers.•Conclusions: Plant development can place significant constraints on tradeoffs between the reproductive modes in perennial grasses and could affect their plasticity in plant reproductive allocation. Differences in developmental phenology and bud production between flowering and vegetative tillers may influence grass responses to environmental changes such as altered precipitation regimes or resource availability.

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Covariances Between Traits Deriving From Successive Allocations of a Resource

Cited by 108 publications

References 13 publications

Negative correlation does not imply a tradeoff between growth and reproduction in California oaks

Negative correlation does not imply a tradeoff between growth and reproduction in California oaks

Evolutionary Optimality Applied to Drosophila Experiments: Hypothesis of Constrained Reproductive Efficiency

Bud production and dynamics of flowering and vegetative tillers in Andropogon gerardii (Poaceae): the role of developmental constraints

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