Covaxin-Induced Lymphocytic Myocarditis

Mittal, Nitish; Pawar, Dushyant; Parmar, Kanak; Sly, Zhaunn; Rio‐Pertuz, Gaspar Del; Ansari, Mohammad; Nair, Nandini

doi:10.7759/cureus.26759

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“… 21 A recent case report documented the occurrence of lymphocytic myocarditis with hyper-eosinophilic syndrome in a young patient that received COVAXIN. 19 Although this lymphocytic myocarditis subsided spontaneously with one week, it underscores the potential side effect of this vaccine particularly in the younger population. 19 The number of myocarditis cases reported per million doses of vaccinated individuals is 1, 2 & 6 within 28 days of 1st dose of Pfizer, Adenovirus vector and Moderna vaccines.…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 90%

“… 19 Although this lymphocytic myocarditis subsided spontaneously with one week, it underscores the potential side effect of this vaccine particularly in the younger population. 19 The number of myocarditis cases reported per million doses of vaccinated individuals is 1, 2 & 6 within 28 days of 1st dose of Pfizer, Adenovirus vector and Moderna vaccines. 4 According to a population based retrospective cohort study in Italy, incidence of myocarditis is highest (adjusted HR: 5.5, 95% CI: 3.7 to 8.1) in younger males following a second dose of vaccination.…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 90%

“… 18 Other adenoviral vector vaccines including A whole virus inactivated vaccine is developed using vero cell platform in India and is marketed as COVAXIN. 19 , 20 This vaccine is developed by a Indian Drug Pharmaceutical Company known as BHARAT biotech in association with Indian Institute of Virology, Pune and Indian Council of Medical 19 , 20 Vero cell platform that has been used to develop this vaccine involves a sturdy inactivation technology of whole live viruses and favors rapid development of vaccines against pandemic viruses such as Influenza, West Nile, SARS and Chikungunya. 21 A recent case report documented the occurrence of lymphocytic myocarditis with hyper-eosinophilic syndrome in a young patient that received COVAXIN.…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Do COVID-19 viral infection and its mRNA vaccine carry an equivalent risk of myocarditis? Review of the current evidence, insights, and future directions

Ulucay

Singh

Kanuri

2023

Indian Heart Journal

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Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Do COVID-19 viral infection and its mRNA vaccine carry an equivalent risk of myocarditis? Review of the current evidence, insights, and future directions

Ulucay

Singh

Kanuri

2023

Indian Heart Journal

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Myocarditis and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-summary of cases

Saputra¹,

Kurniawan²,

Trilistyoati³

et al. 2023

Biomol Biomed

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Vaccination is significant to control, mitigate, and recover from the destructive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The incidence of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination has been increasing and growing public concern; however, little is known about it. This study aimed to systematically review myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination. We included studies containing individual patient data of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination published between January 1, 2020 and September 7, 2022 and excluded review articles. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisals were used for risk of bias assessment. Descriptive and analytic statistics were performed. A total of 121 reports and 43 case series from five databases were included. We identified 396 published cases of myocarditis and observed that the majority of cases was male patients, happened following the second dose of mRNA vaccine administration, and experienced chest pain as a symptom. Previous COVID-19 infection was significantly associated (p < 0.01; OR, 5.74; 95% CI, 2.42–13.64) with the risk of myocarditis following the administration of the first dose, indicating that its primary mechanism is immune-mediated. Moreover, 63 histopathology examinations were dominated by non-infective subtypes. Electrocardiography and cardiac marker combination is a sensitive screening modality. However, cardiac magnetic resonance is a significant noninvasive examination to confirm myocarditis. Endomyocardial biopsy may be considered in confusing and severe cases. Myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination is relatively benign, with a median length of hospitalization of 5 days, intensive care unit admission of <12%, and mortality of <2%. The majority was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, and steroids. Surprisingly, deceased cases had characteristics of being female, older age, non-chest pain symptoms, first-dose vaccination, left ventricular ejection fraction of <30%, fulminant myocarditis, and eosinophil infiltrate histopathology.

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COVID-19 Vaccines and Myocarditis: An Overview of Current Evidence

et al. 2023

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COVID-19 vaccines have been widely used to reduce the incidence and disease severity of COVID-19. Questions have lately been raised about the possibility of an association between COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis, an inflammatory condition affecting the myocardium, or the middle layer of the heart. Myocarditis can be caused by infections, immune reactions, or toxic exposure. The incidence rate of myocarditis and pericarditis was calculated to be 5.98 instances per million COVID-19 vaccine doses delivered, which is less than half of the incidences after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Myocarditis rates in people aged 12 to 39 years are around 12.6 cases per million doses following the second dose of mRNA vaccination. Adolescent men are more likely than women to develop myocarditis after receiving mRNA vaccines. The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to find out how often myocarditis occurs after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, as well as the risk factors and clinical repercussions of this condition. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between vaccination and myocarditis has been difficult to establish, and further research is required. It is also essential to distinguish between suggested cases of myocarditis and those confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy.

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Covaxin-Induced Lymphocytic Myocarditis

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Do COVID-19 viral infection and its mRNA vaccine carry an equivalent risk of myocarditis? Review of the current evidence, insights, and future directions

Do COVID-19 viral infection and its mRNA vaccine carry an equivalent risk of myocarditis? Review of the current evidence, insights, and future directions

Myocarditis and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-summary of cases

COVID-19 Vaccines and Myocarditis: An Overview of Current Evidence

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