Cover crop effects on soil carbon dioxide emissions in a semiarid cropping system

Nilahyane, Abdelaziz; Ghimire, Rajan; Thapa, Vesh R.; Sainju, Upendra M.

doi:10.1002/agg2.20012

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Variation in results from different measurement systems may be related to their flux measurement mechanisms, chamber size, and soil environment. Our previous study in irrigated plots in the same study site show a significant effect of soil temperature and SMC in CO 2 emissions that low SMC, along with high soil temperature (>30 °C) can lower activity of microbial community involved in C and N cycling (Nilahyane, Ghimire, Thapa, & Sainju, 2020), consequently affecting GHG fluxes, irrespective management practices. The comparative study would help to understand the relative fluxes with various methods of CO 2 emissions monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Soil organic matter, greenhouse gas emissions, and sorghum yield in semi‐arid drylands

Salehin

Ghimire

Angadi

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] serves as a low‐cost alternative to corn (Zea mays L.) in semi‐arid regions of the world because of its high N and water use efficiencies. However, there has been a concern regarding N loss to the atmosphere as nitrous oxide (N2O) from semi‐arid drylands. This study investigated various soil C and N components, including CO2 and N2O emissions, and crop yield with a dairy compost (13.5 Mg ha−1) and four rates of chemical N fertilizer (0, 22.4, 44.8, and 67.3 kg ha−1) in dryland sorghum. There was no significant difference in soil C and N fractions among N fertilizer rates, although compost addition numerically increased soil C storage and 67.3 kg ha−1 N rate resulted the highest yield in both years. Potential nitrogen mineralization (PNM) was negatively related to crop yield and positively related to grain N content. Soils with greater inorganic N and PNM had a lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, while soils with greater potential C mineralization (PCM) had lower N2O emissions. The results of this study show no significant improvements in yield of dryland sorghum in the semi‐arid environment of southern Great Plains in the short term. However, compost and 44.8 kg N ha−1 applications appeared to be beneficial when both yield and quality were compared.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Soil organic matter, greenhouse gas emissions, and sorghum yield in semi‐arid drylands

Salehin

Ghimire

Angadi

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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“…Hence, more irrigation was provided in the second year than in the first year resulting in total irrigation + precipitation of 810-mm and 1040-mm in the first and second years, respectively. Studies demonstrated positive linear relationships between soil moisture, temperature, and substrate availability with CO 2 and N 2 O emissions 28 , 32 , 45 , 51 . In this study, correlation analysis showed that CO 2 -C emissions positively related to soil and air temperature (Supplementary Table S5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Cover crops can enhance N cycling and increase C-sequestration due to increased biomass production and recycling 43 , 44 . This cover crop derived increase in C could increase CO 2 and N 2 O emissions in the first few years 32 , 45 . However, lower soil temperature under cover crops than under fallow could create a more conducive environment for C and N storage and cycling in the soils 45 , 46 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cover crop derived increase in C could increase CO 2 and N 2 O emissions in the first few years 32 , 45 . However, lower soil temperature under cover crops than under fallow could create a more conducive environment for C and N storage and cycling in the soils 45 , 46 . Nevertheless, the limited information on GHG emissions and C and N cycling in arid and semi-arid agroecosystems warrant a comprehensive assessment of soil C and N components, GHG emissions, and soil temperature and moisture dynamics 47 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Net greenhouse gas balance with cover crops in semi-arid irrigated cropping systems

Acharya

Ghimire

Paye

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Climate smart agriculture has been emphasized for mitigating anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, yet the mitigation potential of individual management practices remain largely unexplored in semi-arid cropping systems. This study evaluated the effects of different winter cover crop mixtures on CO2 and N2O emissions, net GHG balance (GHGnet), greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI), yield-scaled GHG emissions, and soil properties in irrigated forage corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) rotations. Four cover crop treatments: (1) grasses, brassicas, and legumes mixture (GBL), (2) grasses and brassicas mixture (GB), (3) grasses and legumes mixture (GL), and (4) a no-cover crop (NCC) control, each replicated four times under corn and sorghum phase of the rotations, were tested in the semi-arid Southern Great Plains of USA. Results showed 5–10 times higher soil respiration with cover crop mixtures than NCC during the cover crop phase and no difference during the cash crop phase. The average N2O-N emission in NCC was 44% lower than GL and 77% lower than GBL in corn and sorghum rotations. Cash crop yield was 13–30% greater in cover crop treatments than NCC, but treatment effects were not observed for GHGnet, yield-scaled emissions, and GHGI. Integrating cover crops could be a climate smart strategy for forage production in irrigated semi-arid agroecosystems.

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“…A yield decline due to climate variability and water scarcity has also been documented in other areas of the world [15]. While cover crops use water for their growth, integrating cover crops in a crop rotation can reduce soil water loss by lowering daytime soil temperature and increasing ground cover [16][17][18]. Selection of low water use species with high ground cover potential minimizes soil water loss and increases crop yields in semi-arid regions where higher potential evapotranspiration restricts biomass production [7,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crops for Resilience of a Limited-Irrigation Winter Wheat–Sorghum–Fallow Rotation: Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sorghum Yield Responses

2021

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Cover crops can improve soil health by maintaining soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) contents, yet their dynamics in relation to crop yield in a semi-arid cropping system are poorly understood. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the response of diverse winter cover crop species and their mixture on SOC and N fractions and their relationship with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) yield in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–sorghum–fallow rotation with limited irrigation management. Cover cropping treatments included pea (Pisum sativum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), canola (Brassica napus L.), and mixtures of pea+oat (POM), pea+canola (PCM), peat+oat+canola (POCM), and a six-species mixture (SSM) of pea+oat+canola+hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth)+forage radish (Raphanussativus L.)+barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as cover crops and a fallow. Soil samples were analyzed for residual inorganic N, potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC) and nitrogen (PMN), SOC, and total N. Response of labile inorganic N, PMC, and PMN varied with cover crop treatments. The SOC and total N contents did not differ among treatments but were 20% and 35% higher in 2020 than in 2019, respectively. Sorghum grain yield was 25% and 40% greater with oats than with PCM and canola cover crops in 2019, while it was 33–97% greater with fallow and oats than other treatments in 2020. Oat as a cover crop could improve the resilience of limited-irrigation cropping systems by increasing SOC, soil N, and crop yield in semi-arid regions.

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Cover crop effects on soil carbon dioxide emissions in a semiarid cropping system

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Soil organic matter, greenhouse gas emissions, and sorghum yield in semi‐arid drylands

Soil organic matter, greenhouse gas emissions, and sorghum yield in semi‐arid drylands

Net greenhouse gas balance with cover crops in semi-arid irrigated cropping systems

Cover Crops for Resilience of a Limited-Irrigation Winter Wheat–Sorghum–Fallow Rotation: Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sorghum Yield Responses

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