COVID-19. A review

Abstract

The enduring epidemic outbreak which started in Wuhan city of China, in December 2019 caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID- 19) or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created a dangerous and deadly Public Health disaster of International apprehension, with cases confirmed in several countries. This novel community health trouble is frightening the universe with clinical, psychological, emotional, collapse of health system and economical slowdown in each and every part of the world infecting nearly 200 countries. A highly virulent and pathogenic COVID-19 viral infection with incubation period ranging from two to fourteen days, transmitted by breathing of infected droplets or contact with infected droplets, belongs to the genus Coronavirus with its high mutation rate in the Coronaviridae. The likely probable primary reservoir could be bats, because genomic analysis discovered that SARSCoV-2 is phylogenetically interrelated to SARS-like bat viruses. The transitional resource of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapidly developing pandemic has confirmed human to human transfer. Approximately 1,016,128 reported cases, 211,615 recovered cases and 53,069 deaths of COVID-2019 have been reported to date (April 2, 2020). The symptoms vary from asymptomatic, low grade pyrexia, dry cough, sore throat, breathlessness, tiredness, body aches, fatigue, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, to severe consolidation and pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction leading to death with case fatality rate ranging from 2 to 3%.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of western medicine routine treatment combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of COVID-19

“…Still, there are also shortcomings: non-specific antiviral drugs, side effects of hormone therapy, excessive use of antibiotics, and other problems. [ 25 ] Therefore, the Chinese government encourages doctors to fully consider the diagnosis and treatment of Western medicine and add traditional Chinese herbal medicine, to give full play to the advantages of western medicine routine treatment combined with Chinese herbal medicine for COVID-19. [ 13 ]…”

The effect of Baduanjin exercise on the quality of life in patients recovering from COVID-19

“…[ 1 ] The CoV genome is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA with a size varying between 26 kb and 32 kb, the largest genome of known RNA viruses. [ 2 ] Similar to other RNA viruses, this family is characterized by significant genetic variability and high recombination rate that enable them to be easily distributed among humans and animals worldwide. [ 3 ] Coronaviruses (CoVs), mainly targeting human respiratory system, are responsible for health-threatening outbreaks including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and lastly coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).…”

“…The initial host may have been bats, as genome analysis has shown that SARSCOV-2 is systemically genetically related to SARS-like bat viruses. [ 2 ] People are generally susceptible to infection. The most common symptoms at onset of COVID-19 illness are fever, cough, and fatigue, while other symptoms include sputum production, headache, hemoptysis, diarrhoea, dyspnoea, and lymphopenia.…”

Clinical, inflammatory, and immune differences between COVID-19 patients with and without cancer

“…[ 1 , 2 ] The epidemic first appeared in Wuhan, China, and then spread in more than 200 countries around the world. [ 3 ] On March 11, the WHO announced a worldwide pandemic of COVID-19. [ 4 ] The average incubation period of the COVID-19 pneumonia is 5.2 days.…”