COVID-19 and Cardiometabolic Health: Lessons Gleaned from the Pandemic and Insights for the Next Wave

Kolkailah, Ahmed A.; Riggs, Kayla; Návar, Ann Marie; Khera, Amit

doi:10.1007/s11883-022-01033-7

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…9 Increases in BP could be related to stress precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic, increased sodium and alcohol intake, and decreased activity. 10 Another study demonstrated worsening SBP and DBP during the first 8 months of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with hypertension; however, once other solutions such as telemedicine were provided, BP began to stabilize. 11 These findings provide a possible explanation for the decrease in DBP found in our study from pre-SAH to post-SAH as telehealth was implemented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Metabolic Parameters of Hemoglobin A1c, Weight, and Blood Pressure During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders

Bickenbach,

Keegan,

Brockel

et al. 2024

J Am Board Fam Med

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Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a "state of emergency" was declared in North Carolina on March 10, 2020. Subsequent "stay-at-home" (SAH) orders restricted activities including use of fitness facilities, and teleworking was encouraged. This study investigates metabolic effects of these changes in activity level.Methods: This retrospective prepost study included adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, and blood pressure (BP) measurements for 3 time periods: 3/10/2019-9/9/2019 ("pre-SAH"), 3/10/2020-9/9/2020 ("during SAH"), and 3/10/2021-9/9/2021 ("post-SAH"). The primary outcome was change in HbA1c pre-SAH to during SAH and during SAH to post-SAH. Secondary outcomes were changes in weight, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) over the same periods. Exploratory outcomes included health care utilization. Paired t test compared outcomes between time periods using Bonferroni-adjusted a of 0.025 for significance.Results: Analysis included 301 participants with an average age of 69.8 years. HbA1c, SBP, and DBP trended up from pre-SAH to during SAH and then decreased post-SAH with a significant change only for DBP from during SAH to post-SAH (74.2 mmHg to 73.6 mmHg, P < .001). Weight trended down across the 3 study periods. In-office visits significantly decreased from pre-SAH to during SAH, and telehealth visits significantly decreased from during SAH to post-SAH (both P < .001).Conclusions: With the exception of DBP, findings reveal consistency in HbA1c, weight, and BP across time periods before, during, and after COVID-19 SAH orders in North Carolina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Metabolic Parameters of Hemoglobin A1c, Weight, and Blood Pressure During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders

Bickenbach,

Keegan,

Brockel

et al. 2024

J Am Board Fam Med

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“…Observational studies indicate that several cardiometabolic conditions are associated with increased risk for severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID –19) 1 , 2 , 3 , especially obesity. 4 Given the strong association of obesity with severe COVID-19 and the close association of obesity with chronic kidney disease (CKD) both direct and indirect via obesity related cardiometabolic risk factors 5 , 6 , it is not surprising that CKD has been identified as the most prevalent severe COVID-19 risk factor worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between CKD, Obesity, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes

Sörling¹,

Nordberg²,

Hofmann³

et al. 2023

Kidney International Reports

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“…[13][14][15][16][17] The intersection of COVID-19 with cardiovascular disease (CVD) was recognized early in the pandemic. Patients with CVD risk factors were identified as more likely to develop severe illness leading to hospitalization and death, [18][19][20][21] while CVD complications have been recognized as important contributors to the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. [22][23][24][25] Myocardial injury commonly occurs and is associated with more severe illness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factor Profiles and Complications Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Infection: Results From the American Heart Association COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry

Hall

Ayers

Kolkailah

et al. 2023

Circ: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes

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BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved through multiple phases characterized by new viral variants, vaccine development, and changes in therapies. It is unknown whether rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor profiles and complications have changed over time. METHODS: We analyzed the American Heart Association COVID-19 CVD registry, a national multicenter registry of hospitalized adults with active COVID-19 infection. The time period from April 2020 to December 2021 was divided into 3-month epochs, with March 2020 analyzed separately as a potential outlier. Participating centers varied over the study period. Trends in all-cause in-hospital mortality, CVD risk factors, and in-hospital CVD outcomes, including a composite primary outcome of cardiovascular death, cardiogenic shock, new heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarction, were evaluated across time epochs. Risk-adjusted analyses were performed using generalized linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS: A total of 46 007 patient admissions from 134 hospitals were included (mean patient age 61.8 years, 53% male, 22% Black race). Patients admitted later in the pandemic were younger, more likely obese, and less likely to have existing CVD ( P trend ≤0.001 for each). The incidence of the primary outcome increased from 7.0% in March 2020 to 9.8% in October to December 2021 (risk-adjusted P trend =0.006). This was driven by an increase in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and stroke ( P trend <0.0001 for each). The overall rate of in-hospital mortality was 14.2%, which declined over time (20.8% in March 2020 versus 10.8% in the last epoch; adjusted P trend <0.0001). When the analysis was restricted to July 2020 to December 2021, no temporal change in all-cause mortality was seen (adjusted P trend =0.63). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a shifting risk factor profile toward a younger population with lower rates of established CVD, the incidence of diagnosed cardiovascular complications of COVID increased from the onset of the pandemic through December 2021. All-cause mortality decreased during the initial months of the pandemic and thereafter remained consistently high through December 2021.

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COVID-19 and Cardiometabolic Health: Lessons Gleaned from the Pandemic and Insights for the Next Wave

Cited by 7 publications

References 99 publications

Changes in Metabolic Parameters of Hemoglobin A1c, Weight, and Blood Pressure During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders

Changes in Metabolic Parameters of Hemoglobin A1c, Weight, and Blood Pressure During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders

Association Between CKD, Obesity, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes

Longitudinal Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factor Profiles and Complications Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Infection: Results From the American Heart Association COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry

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