COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease: A pathophysiological assessment

Yang, Chunxiu; Xiao, Shu Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111233

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Consistently, it was observed that COVID-19 patients with increased immune system activation present an elevated incidence of sepsis [29] . Moreover, the significative proximity between the COVID-19, IBD, and Crohn’s disease modules is not surprising since literature data support that COVID-19 and IBD immune system activation share several similarities and that some drugs used for IBD appear to also be effective for COVID-19 patients [75] . Of the drugs reported in the DrugBank database for septic shock treatment, both epinephrine and norepinephrine were also identified by the SAveRUNNER algorithm, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection and septic shock share common epinephrine or norepinephrine targets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In silico drug repurposing in COVID-19: A network-based analysis

Sibilio¹,

Bini²,

Fiscon³

et al. 2021

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a worldwide public health emergency. Despite the beginning of a vaccination campaign, the search for new drugs to appropriately treat COVID-19 patients remains a priority. Drug repurposing represents a faster and cheaper method than de novo drug discovery. In this study, we examined three different network-based approaches to identify potentially repurposable drugs to treat COVID-19. We analyzed transcriptomic data from whole blood cells of patients with COVID-19 and 21 other related conditions, as compared with those of healthy subjects. In addition to conventionally used drugs (e.g., anticoagulants, antihistaminics, anti-TNFα antibodies, corticosteroids), unconventional candidate compounds, such as SCN5A inhibitors and drugs active in the central nervous system, were identified. Clinical judgment and validation through clinical trials are always mandatory before use of the identified drugs in a clinical setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In silico drug repurposing in COVID-19: A network-based analysis

Sibilio¹,

Bini²,

Fiscon³

et al. 2021

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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“…This protein is composed of two subunits: S1, receptor recognition site, and S2, which favors the fusion between the viral envelope and the host cell. The cleavage of protein S is regulated by TMPRSS2, a protein consisting of three domains of which the extracellular one has a catalytic function [ 49 ]. The virus is able to enter the host cell thanks to the high affinity between RBD and ACE2 (greater than that of the SARS-CoV virus) and thanks to the activation of the furin protease of the virus prior to entry into the host cell, resulting in reduction of dependence on target cell proteases (e.g., TMPRSS2) [ 50 ].…”

Section: Protagonists and Co-protagonists Of The Infection: The Role Of Ace2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk, Course, and Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adults with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

et al. 2021

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Susceptibility and disease course of COVID-19 among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are unclear and epidemiological data on the topic are still limited. There is some concern that patients with immuno-mediated diseases such as IBD, which are frequently treated with immunosuppressive therapies, may have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection with its related serious adverse outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death. Corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologic drugs, which are commonly prescribed to these patients, have been associated with higher rates of severe viral and bacterial infections including influenza and pneumonia. It is not known whether these drugs can be so harmful as to justify their interruption during COVID-19 infection or if, on the contrary, patients with IBD can benefit from them. As shown by recent reports, it cannot be excluded that drugs that suppress the immune system can block the characteristic cytokine storm of severe forms of COVID-19 and consequently reduce mortality. Another cause for concern is the up-regulation of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors that has been noticed in these patients, which could facilitate the entry and replication of SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this narrative review is to clarify the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with IBD, the clinical characteristics of patients who contract the infection, and the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and immunosuppressive treatment.

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“…The documented intestinal tropism of the virus, combined with the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms and the high fecal calprotectin levels observed in COVID-19 patients, has led to the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 infection could trigger bowel inflammation in subjects with IBD ( 5 , 13 , 14 ). Unfortunately, the overlap between the clinical manifestations of active IBD and the gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 make it challenging to prove or disprove the above speculation during the acute phase of COVID-19 ( 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2022

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BackgroundTo date, there's no evidence of an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or more severe COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, whether COVID-19 alters the clinical course of IBD or whether IBD treatment affects the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation, especially in children.AimTo assess the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 in children with IBD, and to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the clinical course of IBD.Material and MethodsThis prospective study enrolled children (0–18 years) followed-up at the University Hospital of Padova for IBD, who acquired a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 02.2020 and 02.2021. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG titer was evaluated at 3 months after infection and compared to that of a control group of healthy children matched for age, sex, and COVID-19 severity.ResultsTwelve children with IBD (M = 5; median age 14 years) contracted COVID-19 during the study period. 11/12 patients were under immunomodulatory treatment (4/12 steroids; 6/12 azathioprine; 3/12 anti-TNFs; 2 vedolizumab; 1 ustekinumab). SARS-CoV-2 infection remained asymptomatic in 4/12 children and caused mild COVID-19 in the remaining 8. Mean anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG S-RBD titer was similar between IBD patients and controls (27.3 ± 43.8 vs. 36.8 ± 35.3 kAU/L, p = ns). No children experienced IBD flares nor required gastroenterological support during the infection period.DiscussionChildren with IBD can mount a protective humoral response against SARS-CoV-2, which is comparable to that of their healthy peers regardless of ongoing immunomodulatory treatment. This study also supports the favorable course of PIBD during COVID-19 and vice-versa.

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COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease: A pathophysiological assessment

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

In silico drug repurposing in COVID-19: A network-based analysis

In silico drug repurposing in COVID-19: A network-based analysis

Risk, Course, and Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adults with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Protective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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