COVID-19 and non-communicable diseases

Pal, Rimesh; Bhadada, Sanjay Kumar

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137742

Cited by 81 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Considering the gravity of the pandemic and in the absence of a definitive therapy against COVID-19, it is imperative that people with DM be extra cautious and take all necessary precautions [3,4]. Stringent social distancing and hand hygiene should be the norm.…”

Section: Management Of Diabetes Mellitus Amid Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ever since its outbreak in Wuhan, China, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected over 2.8 million people, claiming more than 198000 lives in over 200 nations all over the globe [1]. The overall mortality rate of COVID-19 is variable, ranging from as low as 0.7% in Germany to as high as 10.8% in Italy [2]; nevertheless, older adults and people with underlying comorbidities invariably have a poor prognosis [3]. Accordingly, diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a distinct comorbidity that is associated with severe disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and increased mortality in COVID- 19 [4e6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: An unholy interaction of two pandemics

Pal

Bhadada

2020

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

Self Cite

241

193

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Background and aims: Diabetes mellitus is associated with poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. On the other hand, COVID-19 contributes to worsening of dysglycemia in people with diabetes mellitus over and above that contributed by stress hyperglycemia. Herein, we have reviewed the two-way interactions between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. Methods: We have performed an extensive literature search for articles in PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases till April 25, 2020, with the following keywords: "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "diabetes", "diabetes mellitus", "SARS", "infection" and "management of diabetes mellitus" with interposition of the Boolean operator "AND". Results: Compromised innate immunity, pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu, reduced expression of ACE2 and use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system antagonists in people with diabetes mellitus contribute to poor prognosis in COVID-19. On the contrary, direct b-cell damage, cytokine-induced insulin resistance, hypokalemia and drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 (like corticosteroids, lopinavir/ritonavir) can contribute to worsening of glucose control in people with diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: The two-way interaction between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus sets up a vicious cycle wherein COVID-19 leads to worsening of dysglycemia and diabetes mellitus, in turn, exacerbates the severity of COVID-19. Thus, it is imperative that people with diabetes mellitus take all necessary precautions and ensure good glycemic control amid the ongoing pandemic.

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Section: Management Of Diabetes Mellitus Amid Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: An unholy interaction of two pandemics

Pal

Bhadada

2020

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

Self Cite

241

193

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…COVID-19 cases are decreasing in many countries, but the opposite is true in LMICs such as India and Brazil. Many seriously ill COVID-19 patients had multiple comorbidities (26); for instance, 96.2% of those who died in hospitals in Italy had comorbidities. The case fatality rate increases with age, especially in countries with a high percentage of older adults.…”

Section: Covid-19 Among Plwncdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Syndemic Perspective on the Management of Non-communicable Diseases Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Yadav

Rayamajhee

Mistry

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

137

130

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The global coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly affected the lives of people living with non-communicable diseases (PLWNCDs). The health of PLWNCDs worsens when synergistic epidemics or "syndemics" occur due to the interaction between socioecological and biological factors, resulting in adverse outcomes. These interactions can affect the physical, emotional, and social well-being of PLWNCDs. In this paper, we discuss the effects of the COVID-19 syndemic on PLWNCDs, particularly how it has exposed them to NCD risk factors and disrupted essential public health services. We conclude by reflecting on strategies and policies that deal with the COVID-19 syndemic among PLWNCDs in low-and middle-income countries.

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“…NCDs have also featured prominently given the interaction between underlying health conditions and the likelihood of adverse outcomes during the infection [11][12][13]. Perhaps less frequently, but no less importantly, some have drawn attention to the detrimental impact that the focus on COVID-19 will have on the medium to long term management and outcomes for many common NCDs [14][15][16][17]. The present analysis is perhaps the first to quantify a very marked effect of the pandemic to reduce the assessment of fracture risk, a key component in the targeted initiation of preventative treatment to reduce the future burden of fractures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global impact of COVID-19 on non-communicable disease management: descriptive analysis of access to FRAX fracture risk online tool for prevention of osteoporotic fractures

et al. 2020

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Summary The COVID-19 pandemic, and its management, is markedly impacting the management of osteoporosis as judged by access to online FRAX fracture risk assessments. Globally, access was 58% lower in April than in February 2020. Strategies to improve osteoporosis care, with greater use of fracture risk assessments, offer a partial solution. Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic is having a significant detrimental impact on the management of chronic diseases including osteoporosis. We have quantified the global impact by examining changes in the usage of online FRAX fracture risk assessments before and after the declaration of the pandemic (11 March 2020). Methods The study comprised a retrospective analysis using GoogleAnalytics data on daily sessions on the FRAX® website (www.sheffield.ac.uk/FRAX) from November 2019 to April 2020 (main analysis period February–April 2020), and the geographical source of that activity. Results Over February–April 2020, the FRAX website recorded 460,495 sessions from 184 countries, with 210,656 sessions in February alone. In March and April, the number of sessions fell by 23.1% and 58.3% respectively, a pattern not observed over the same period in 2019. There were smaller reductions in Asia than elsewhere, partly related to earlier and less-marked nadirs in some countries (China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea and Vietnam). In Europe, the majority of countries (24/31, 77.4%) reduced usage by at least 50% in April. Seven countries showed smaller reductions (range − 2.85 to − 44.1%) including Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, Norway, Sweden and Finland. There was no significant relationship between the reduction in FRAX usage and measures of disease burden such as COVID-attributed deaths per million of the population. Conclusion This study documents a marked global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of osteoporosis as reflected by FRAX online fracture risk assessments. The analysis suggests that impact may relate to the societal and healthcare measures taken to ameliorate the pandemic.

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COVID-19 and non-communicable diseases

Cited by 81 publications

References 10 publications

COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: An unholy interaction of two pandemics

COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: An unholy interaction of two pandemics

A Syndemic Perspective on the Management of Non-communicable Diseases Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Global impact of COVID-19 on non-communicable disease management: descriptive analysis of access to FRAX fracture risk online tool for prevention of osteoporotic fractures

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