COVID-19 and the collapse of global trade: building an effective public health response

Barlow, Pepita; Schalkwyk, May C I van; McKee, Martin; Labonté, Ron; Stuckler, David

doi:10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30291-6

Cited by 97 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“… 15 In addition, without adequate and proper management of NCDs, the chronic conditions can worsen due to the stress resulting from restrictions, insecure economic situation, and changes in the new normal of health-related behaviors during the pandemic. 16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Health-Promoting Behaviors of Hospitalized Patients with Non-Communicable Diseases During the Second Wave of COVID-19

Posai¹,

Suksatan²,

Choompunuch³

et al. 2021

JMDH

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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the health-related behaviors of patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Thus, the factors predicting the health-promoting behaviors (HPBs) of hospitalized patients with NCDs during the second wave of COVID-19 should be examined. Objective The aims of this study were to determine the relationships among the patients’ characteristics, perceived self-efficacy, social support, perception of the benefits of and barriers, and HPBs, and to determine the predictive factors of HPBs among hospitalized patients with NCDs during the second wave of COVID-19. Patients and Methods The study had a cross-sectional predictive correlational design and included 250 patients with NCDs 18 years of age or older hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results Most of the participants had a cardiovascular disease (34.0%). Followed by diabetes (28.8%), cancer (11.2%), hypertension (10.0%), heart disease (9.6%), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (6.4%) and had a moderate level of overall HPBs (M = 106.09; SD = 4.66). Among the six components of the HPBs, the participants achieved the moderate levels in nutrition, interpersonal relations, spiritual growth, and stress management, and low levels in physical-activity and health responsibility. The patients’ perception of the benefits and barriers to the adoption of HPBs and perceived self-efficacy and social support were able to predict their HPBs, accounting for approximately 38.0% of the variance of such behaviors. Conclusion On the basis of our study’s results, we suggest that researchers, multidisciplinary teams, the government, and policymakers establish effective interventions, guidelines, and policies for the development of HPBs to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19 particularly among patients with NCDs, and to improve their capacity for high-quality and continuing self-care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Health-Promoting Behaviors of Hospitalized Patients with Non-Communicable Diseases During the Second Wave of COVID-19

Posai¹,

Suksatan²,

Choompunuch³

et al. 2021

JMDH

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“…This point also resonates beyond the UK, with the COVID-19 pandemic representing a significant critical juncture and opportunity for progressive change. While it has raised the profile of health in a trade policy context, being linked to the operation of global supply chains for medical goods, what we need is a more holistic understanding of the way in which trade and health interact [104]. At a time where there is a risk that the COVID-19 pandemic will lead to a more enduring concentration of decision-making power in the hands of states [105], the questions raised by the TAPIC governance framework remain as relevant as ever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brexit and trade policy: an analysis of the governance of UK trade policy and what it means for health and social justice

et al. 2021

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Background There is an extensive body of research demonstrating that trade and globalisation can have wide-ranging implications for health. Robust governance is key to ensuring that health, social justice and sustainability are key considerations within trade policy, and that health risks from trade are effectively mitigated and benefits are maximised. The UK’s departure from the EU provides a rare opportunity to examine a context where trade governance arrangements are being created anew, and to explore the consequences of governance choices and structures for health and social justice. Despite its importance to public health, there has been no systematic analysis of the implications of UK trade policy governance. We therefore conducted an analysis of the governance of the UK’s trade policy from a public health and social justice perspective. Results Several arrangements required for good governance appear to have been implemented – information provision, public consultation, accountability to Parliament, and strengthening of civil service capacity. However, our detailed analyses of these pillars of governance identified significant weaknesses in each of these areas. Conclusion The establishment of a new trade policy agenda calls for robust systems of governance. However, our analysis demonstrates that, despite decades of mounting evidence on the health and equity impacts of trade and the importance of strong systems of governance, the UK government has largely ignored this evidence and failed to galvanise the opportunity to include public health and equity considerations and strengthen democratic involvement in trade policy. This underscores the point that the evidence alone will not guarantee that health and justice are prioritised. Rather, we need strong systems of governance everywhere that can help seize the health benefits of international trade and minimise its detrimental impacts. A failure to strengthen governance risks poor policy design and implementation, with unintended and inequitable distribution of harms, and ‘on-paper’ commitments to health, social justice, and democracy unfulfilled in practice. Although the detailed findings relate to the situation in the UK, the issues raised are, we believe, of wider relevance for those with an interest of governing for health in the area of international trade.

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic, which is the second major crisis faced by the world after the 2008 financial crisis, has revived the interest of the international community in finding ways (e.g., policies) and means to strengthen resilience of economies to future shocks. The adverse effects of the COVID-19 health crisis on international trade flows, in particular on exports (e.g., Barlow et al, 2021;Chiah and Zhong, 2020;Hayakawa and Mukunoki, 2021;Li and Lin, 2021) highlight the need for exploring factors that are essential for fostering the resilience of countries' trade performance, notably their export performance to future shocks. Specially, national policymakers, notably in developing countries, are contemplating policies that could be deployed to recover from the COVID-19 health crisis, including after stemming the spread of the coronavirus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development Aid and Export Resilience in Developing Countries: A Reference to Aid for Trade

Sk¹

2021

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic, like previous major crises, such as the 2008 financial crisis, has had a severe negative impact on international trade flows. International institutions are now exploring ways to help their member states recover from the health crisis, and foster the resilience of their economies to future crises. As far as trade is concerned, institutions that deal primarily with trade matters are making effort to help their member states foster the resilience of their trade performance to future shocks. In this context, the World Trade Organization (WTO), which is the only international organization that deals with the global rules of trade between nations, has organized a series of events since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has now planned to hold in September 2021 the 2021 WTO Public Forum whose theme is "Trade Beyond COVID-19: Building Resilience". The present paper aims to contribute to this debate by examining the effect of development aid, i.e., the so-called official development aid, in particular its Aid for Trade (AfT) component, on export resilience. The resilience of exports refers to the capacity of countries' aggregate exports to resist to shocks, whether environmental or external shocks. The core argument of the analysis is that development aid would affect export resilience through its effect on productive capacities. The analysis covers 93 developing countries over the period 2002-2018. The findings indicate that total development aid flows, including both AfT flows and NonAfT flows exert a positive effect on export resilience. Among AfT components, AfT for productive capacities appears to exert a higher positive effect on export resilience than AfT for economic infrastructure and AfT for trade policy and regulation. In addition, development aid (whatever the aid variable considered) exerts the highest positive effect on export resilience in countries (such as Least developed countries - LDCs) that have the lowest level of productive capacities. These findings highlight the need for donor-countries to supply higher development aid flows, in particular AfT flows to countries such as LDCs that have low levels of productive capacities.

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COVID-19 and the collapse of global trade: building an effective public health response

Cited by 97 publications

References 24 publications

Assessment of the Health-Promoting Behaviors of Hospitalized Patients with Non-Communicable Diseases During the Second Wave of COVID-19

Assessment of the Health-Promoting Behaviors of Hospitalized Patients with Non-Communicable Diseases During the Second Wave of COVID-19

Brexit and trade policy: an analysis of the governance of UK trade policy and what it means for health and social justice

Development Aid and Export Resilience in Developing Countries: A Reference to Aid for Trade

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