As the global economy gradually recovers from the impact of COVID-19, the aviation industry is also ushering in long-awaited development opportunities. However, the challenges facing the post-pandemic aviation industry should not be ignored, including increased market competition, an uncertain global economic environment, frequent policy adjustments, regional conflicts, and external risks. This study analyzed the risk management practices of Hainan Airlines Group and Aegean Airlines, among other typical cases, to explore how airlines can strengthen risk management during the post-pandemic recovery period. This study analyzed the risks faced by airlines during the recovery process and their causes from multiple dimensions, such as market demand forecasting, cost control, operational efficiency improvement, external environment analysis, and safety management, and put forward corresponding management suggestions and strategies. Through systematic analysis and research, this study aims to provide a useful reference for airlines’ risk management in the post-epidemic era and help airlines achieve stability and sustainable development in a complex and ever-changing market environment.