COVID-19 Diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 Strain Identification by a Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Antibody Microarray

Heggestad, Jacob T; Britton, Rhett J.; Kinnamon, David; Liu, Jason; Anderson, Jack G.; Joh, Daniel Y.; Quinn, Zachary; Fontes, Cassio M.; Hucknall, Angus; Parks, Robert; Sempowski, Gregory D.; Denny, Thomas N.; Burke, Thomas W.; Haynes, Barton F.; Woods, Christopher W.; Chilkoti, Ashutosh

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05180

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For both Wuhan and Delta strains, the negative Rapid test results were highly correlated with the weak live-virus neutralization activity with high statistical significance ( P < 0.0001) ( 29 ). However, when it comes to the more divergent Omicron strain, the correlation between the Rapid test results and the live-virus neutralizing activity was moderately low ( P = 0.008), indicating the need for using LFAs that use the Omicron antigen to improve accuracy ( 30 ). Next, we aimed to assess the accuracy of the LFA test in determining the 50% protective neutralization titer, which is the level of neutralization required for an individual to have 50% protective efficacy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 point-of-care tests can identify low-antibody individuals: In-depth immunoanalysis of boosting benefits in a healthy cohort

Mallory,

Munt,

Narowski

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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The recommended COVID-19 booster vaccine uptake is low. At-home lateral flow assay (LFA) antigen tests are widely accepted for detecting infection during the pandemic. Here, we present the feasibility and potential benefits of using LFA-based antibody tests as a means for individuals to detect inadequate immunity and make informed decisions about COVID-19 booster immunization. In a health care provider cohort, we investigated the changes in the breadth and depth of humoral and T cell immune responses following mRNA vaccination and boosting in LFA-positive and LFA-negative antibody groups. We show that negative LFA antibody tests closely reflect the lack of functional humoral immunity observed in a battery of sophisticated immune assays, while positive results do not necessarily reflect adequate immunity. After booster vaccination, both groups gain depth and breadth of systemic antibodies against evolving SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. Our findings show that LFA-based antibody tests can alert individuals about inadequate immunity against COVID-19, thereby increasing booster shots and promoting herd immunity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 point-of-care tests can identify low-antibody individuals: In-depth immunoanalysis of boosting benefits in a healthy cohort

Mallory,

Munt,

Narowski

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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“…New laboratory and POC tests to detect antibody response to VOCs are currently under evaluation. Recently, a POC antibody microarray, termed CoVariant-SPOT, has shown the ability to distinguish between the two VOCs Delta and Omicron [143] .…”

Section: Impact Of New Variants Of Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

Spicuzza¹,

Campagna²,

Maria³

et al. 2023

AIMSMICRO

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<abstract> <p>Over the last three years, after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented number of novel diagnostic tests have been developed. Assays to evaluate the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 have been widely considered as part of the control strategy. The lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), to detect both IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2, has been widely studied as a point-of-care (POC) test. Compared to laboratory tests, LFIAs are faster, cheaper and user-friendly, thus available also in areas with low economic resources. Soon after the onset of the pandemic, numerous kits for rapid antibody detection were put on the market with an emergency use authorization. However, since then, scientists have tried to better define the accuracy of these tests and their usefulness in different contexts. In fact, while during the first phase of the pandemic LFIAs for antibody detection were auxiliary to molecular tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19, successively these tests became a tool of seroprevalence surveillance to address infection control policies. When in 2021 a massive vaccination campaign was implemented worldwide, the interest in LFIA reemerged due to the need to establish the extent and the longevity of immunization in the vaccinated population and to establish priorities to guide health policies in low-income countries with limited access to vaccines. Here, we summarize the accuracy, the advantages and limits of LFIAs as POC tests for antibody detection, highlighting the efforts that have been made to improve this technology over the last few years.</p> </abstract>

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“…However, they are unable to differentiate the variants of concern (VOCs) of interest. Heggestad et al’s (2023) team developed a rapid point-of-care test called CoVariant-SPOT, which utilizes a panel of antibodies tolerant or intolerant to spike protein mutations. This test identifies the likely SARS-CoV-2 strain concurrently with COVID-19 diagnosis by targeting the nucleocapsid protein.…”

Section: Challenge Of N Protein In the Detection Of Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of SARS-CoV-2 N protein in diagnosis and vaccination in the context of emerging variants: present status and prospects

Song,

Fang,

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Despite many countries rapidly revising their strategies to prevent contagions, the number of people infected with Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to surge. The emergent variants that can evade the immune response significantly affect the effectiveness of mainstream vaccines and diagnostic products based on the original spike protein. Therefore, it is essential to focus on the highly conserved nature of the nucleocapsid protein as a potential target in the field of vaccines and diagnostics. In this regard, our review initially discusses the structure, function, and mechanism of action of N protein. Based on this discussion, we summarize the relevant research on the in-depth development and application of diagnostic methods and vaccines based on N protein, such as serology and nucleic acid detection. Such valuable information can aid in designing more efficient diagnostic and vaccine tools that could help end the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

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COVID-19 Diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 Strain Identification by a Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Antibody Microarray

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

COVID-19 point-of-care tests can identify low-antibody individuals: In-depth immunoanalysis of boosting benefits in a healthy cohort

COVID-19 point-of-care tests can identify low-antibody individuals: In-depth immunoanalysis of boosting benefits in a healthy cohort

An update on lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

The role of SARS-CoV-2 N protein in diagnosis and vaccination in the context of emerging variants: present status and prospects

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