COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Scales for Adolescents and Young Adults

Schwartz, Lisa A.; Lewis, Amanda M.; Alderfer, Melissa A.; Vega, Gabriela; Barakat, Lamia P.; King‐Dowling, Sara; Psihogios, Alexandra M.; Canter, Kimberly S.; Crosby, Lori E.; Arasteh, Kamyar; Enlow, Paul T.; Hildenbrand, Aimee K.; Kassam‐Adams, Nancy; Pai, Ahna L. H.; Phan, Thao-Ly T.; Price, Julia; Schultz, Corinna L.; Sood, Erica; Wood, J N; Kazak, Anne E.

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsac036

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Youth reported on 4‐items (e.g., ‘How much distress have you experienced related to COVID‐19?’ and ‘How much has COVID‐19 negatively impacted your education?’) from the impact subscale of the COVID‐19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey on Adolescents and Young Adults (Schwartz et al, 2022). Responses ranged from 1 = no impact to 10 = high impact ( M = 3.33, SD = 1.99).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID‐19 on mental health and well‐being of Latine youth from rural and agricultural families in the Midwest

Taylor,

Carrizales,

Carlo

et al. 2024

Community & Applied Soc Psy

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The COVID‐19 pandemic had significant health and socioeconomic repercussions for Latine immigrant families and their children due to long‐standing social, economic, and immigration‐related inequities, with rural families particularly vulnerable. In particular, the mental health and well‐being of Latine youth may have been detrimentally impacted due to disproportionate family stressors and burdens. In the present study, we examined the effect of parent and youth COVID‐19 pandemic stress on youth mental health, and in turn, on youth well‐being using quantitative and qualitative data. Participants were Latine youth in rural and agricultural families in the US Midwest (N = 210, Mage = 12.10 years, 52.4% male, 36.2% first‐generation immigrants) and a primary caregiver (86.5% mothers, 92.7% first‐generation immigrant, mean income = 25‐30 K) as well as n = 19 dyadic qualitative interviews. Quantitative analyses revealed that both youth and primary caregiver COVID‐19 stressors were associated with youth mental health problems, and indirectly impacted five domains of youth well‐being (engagement, perseverance, optimism, connectedness, and happiness). Qualitative findings provided insights into how the COVID‐19 pandemic increased stress for mothers and children (e.g., job loss and economic hardship, COVID‐19 infection, online education challenges). The study demonstrates how the environmental context of the COVID‐19 pandemic shaped the individual and family‐level functioning of Latine immigrant families during this uniquely challenging time period.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID‐19 on mental health and well‐being of Latine youth from rural and agricultural families in the Midwest

Taylor,

Carrizales,

Carlo

et al. 2024

Community & Applied Soc Psy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The survey assessed 11 to 13 domains of interest, with the total number of questions varying depending on responses, with a maximum of 135 total items. In addition, participants were invited to complete the COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Adolescent and Young Adult Version (CEFIS-AYA) 29 measure, which consists of 44 questions, developed to assess adolescent and family exposures to COVID-19 related events, impacts on emotional and physical wellbeing, and overall pandemic distress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants completed the COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Adolescent and Young Adult Version (CEFIS-AYA) 29 validated questionnaire that included exposure to a range of pandemic-related events (CEFIS Exposure Scale), perceived impacts of the pandemic on areas of social-emotional functioning (CEFIS Impact Scale), and a measure of overall pandemic-related distress (CEFIS Distress Scale). 29 The questionnaire opened with the introduction, “ In answering these questions, please think about what has happened from March 2020 to the present, due to COVID-19 ,” and asks the participants to reflect on their COVID-19 related experiences. The CEFIS Exposure scale consists of 28 binary items (“Yes”/”No”) asking about the individual or family member’s COVID-19 related experiences, including 6 items with Not applicable (NA) options.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Vaping With Social/Emotional Health and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Mitigation Measures in Adolescent and Young Adult Cohorts During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2023

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Background: Vaping is a major health risk behavior which often occurs socially. Limited social activity during the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to worsening social and emotional health. We investigated associations among youth vaping, and reports of worsening mental health, loneliness, and relationships with friends and romantic partners (ie, social health), as well as perceived attitudes toward COVID-19 mitigation measures. Methods: From October 2020 to May 2021, a clinical convenience sample of adolescents and young adults (AYA) reported on their past-year substance use, including vaping, their mental health, COVID-19 related exposures and impacts, and their attitudes toward non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 mitigation interventions, via a confidential electronic survey. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to estimate associations among vaping and social/emotional health. Results: Of 474 AYA (mean age = 19.3 (SD = 1.6) years; 68.6% female), 36.9% reported vaping in the prior 12 months. AYA who self-reported vaping were more likely than non-vaping AYA to report worsening: anxiety/worry (81.1%; P = .036), mood (78.9%; P = .028), eating (64.6%; P = .015), sleep (54.3%; P = .019), family discord (56.6%; P = .034), and substance use (54.9%; P < .001). Participants who vaped also reported easy access to nicotine (63.4%; P < .001) and cannabis products (74.9%; P < .001). No difference in perceived change in social wellbeing was seen between the groups. In adjusted models, vaping was associated with symptoms of depression (AOR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.06-3.29), less social distancing (AOR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.11-2.98), lower perceived importance of proper mask wearing (AOR = 3.22; 95% CI = 1.50-6.93), and less regular use of masks (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.29-6.84). Conclusions: We found evidence that vaping was associated with symptoms of depression and lower compliance with non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 mitigation efforts among AYA during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…The COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey (CEFIS) [ 44 ] or the COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey Adolescent and Young Adult Version (CEFIS-AYA) [ 45 ] were administered, depending on age (CEFIS for all adults aged ≥30 years and CEFIS-AYA for AYAs aged 15-29 years). The CEFIS and CEFIS-AYA assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents, young adults, and families.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Screening and Automated Resource Identification System to Address COVID-19–Related Behavioral Health Disparities: Feasibility Study

Stiles‐Shields¹,

Batts²,

Reyes³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

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Background Digital mental health (DMH) tools use technology (eg, websites and mobile apps) to conveniently deliver mental health resources to users in real time, reducing access barriers. Underserved communities facing health care provider shortages and limited mental health resources may benefit from DMH tools, as these tools can help improve access to resources. Objective This study described the development and feasibility evaluation of the Emotional Needs Evaluation and Resource Guide for You (ENERGY) System, a DMH tool to meet the mental health and resource needs of youth and their families developed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The ENERGY System offers a brief assessment of resource needs; problem-solving capabilities; and symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, and alcohol and substance use followed by automated, personalized feedback based on the participant’s responses. Methods Individuals aged ≥15 years were recruited through community partners, community events, targeted electronic health record messages, and social media. Participants completed screening questions to establish eligibility, entered demographic information, and completed the ENERGY System assessment. Based on the participant’s responses, the ENERGY System immediately delivered digital resources tailored to their identified areas of need (eg, relaxation). A subset of participants also voluntarily completed the following: COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey (CEFIS) or COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey Adolescent and Young Adult Version (CEFIS-AYA); resource needs assessment; and feedback on their experience using the ENERGY System. If resource needs (eg, housing and food insecurity) were endorsed, lists of local resources were provided. Results A total of 212 individuals accessed the ENERGY System link, of which 96 (45.3%) completed the screening tool and 86 (40.6%) received resources. Participant responses on the mental health screening questions triggered on average 2.04 (SD 1.94) intervention domains. Behavioral Activation/Increasing Activities was the most frequently launched intervention domain (56%, 54/96), and domains related to alcohol or substance use were the least frequent (4%, 4/96). The most frequently requested support areas were finances (33%, 32/96), transportation (26%, 25/96), and food (24%, 23/96). The CEFIS and CEFIS-AYA indicated higher than average impacts from the pandemic (ie, average scores >2.5). Participants were satisfied with the ENERGY System overall (65%, 39/60) as well as the length of time it took to answer the questions (90%, 54/60), which they found easy to answer (87%, 52/60). Conclusions This study provided initial support for the feasibility of the ENERGY System, a DMH tool capable of screening for resource and mental health needs and providing automated, personalized, and free resources and techniques to meet the identified needs. Future studies should seek direct feedback from community members to further improve the ENERGY System and its dissemination to encourage use.

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COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Scales for Adolescents and Young Adults

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

The impact of COVID‐19 on mental health and well‐being of Latine youth from rural and agricultural families in the Midwest

The impact of COVID‐19 on mental health and well‐being of Latine youth from rural and agricultural families in the Midwest

The Association of Vaping With Social/Emotional Health and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Mitigation Measures in Adolescent and Young Adult Cohorts During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Digital Screening and Automated Resource Identification System to Address COVID-19–Related Behavioral Health Disparities: Feasibility Study

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