COVID‐19 in a child with severe aplastic anemia

Akcabelen, Yunus Murat; Yozgat, Ayça Koca; Parlakay, Asli Nur Özkaya; Yaralı, Neşe

doi:10.1002/pbc.28443

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We considered two settings: COVID19 infection occurring in previously diagnosed AIC ( Table 3 ), that is more similar to our study, and AIC developing after or concomitant to COVID19 infection ( Table 4 ). Regarding the first, there are few cases reported: 2 Evans syndrome ( 23 , 24 ) and 2 AA patients ( 25 , 26 ) who experienced COVID-19 infection, with variable clinical course and outcome (2 resolved, 1 died, and 1 not reported). Other patients with various autoimmune disorders (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, anti-phospholipid syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease) experienced COVID-19 infection, generally with a mild course ( 5 – 7 , 44 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Patients With Autoimmune Cytopenias at Higher Risk of COVID-19 Pneumonia? The Experience of a Reference Center in Northern Italy and Review of the Literature

2021

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During COVID-19 pandemic the care of onco-hematologic and autoimmune patients has raised the question whether they are at higher risk of infection and/or worse outcome. Here, we describe the clinical course of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with autoimmune cytopenias (AIC) regularly followed at a reference center in Northern Italy. The study period started from COVID-19 outbreak (February 22, 2020) until the time of writing. Moreover, we provide a review of the literature, showing that most cases reported so far are AIC developed during or secondary to COVID-19 infection. At variance, data about AIC pre-existing to COVID infection are scanty. The 4 patients here described (2 autoimmune hemolytic anemias, AIHA, 1 Evans syndrome, and 1 immune thrombocytopenia) with COVID-19 pneumonia belong to a large cohort of 500 AIC patients, making this study nearly population-based. The observed frequency (4/501; 0.7%) is only slightly superior to that of the general population admitted to hospital/intensive care unit (0.28/0.03%, respectively) in Lombardy in the same period of observation. All cases occurred between March 21 and 25, whilst no more AIC were recorded later on. Although different in intensity of care needed, all patients recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia, with apparently no detrimental effect of previous/current immunomodulatory treatments. AIHA relapse occurred in two patients, but promptly responded to therapy. With limitations due to sample size, these results suggest a favorable outcome and a lower-than-expected incidence of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with previously diagnosed AIC, and allow speculating that immunomodulatory drugs used for AIC may play a beneficial rather than a harmful effect on COVID-19 infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Patients With Autoimmune Cytopenias at Higher Risk of COVID-19 Pneumonia? The Experience of a Reference Center in Northern Italy and Review of the Literature

2021

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“…3,6 This exaggerated innate immune response was not seen in the immunocompromised children. 2,7 During the SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002/2003, children with organ transplant had good outcome. 7 Similarly, there was no documented severe COVID-19 pneumonia among paediatric liver transplant patients in Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, approximately 2% of those affected by COVID-19 were children, with less severe disease course compared to adult. 1,2 Global data on the effect of COVID-19 infection to immunocompromised children were scarce. This scarcity is possibly due to the small number of positive cases and the majority of asymptomatic children were left unscreened.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in a Leukemic Child

Helmi

Mohamad

Taib

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 Betacoronavirus strain has infected more than one million people worldwide. The COVID-19 infection in children was reported to be less severe compared to adults. At this point, there were limited data available to describe the effect of COVID-19 infection in immunocompromised children. We reported a case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in an immunocompromised child with a delayed virus clearance. The report signifies the mild severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised children Main text word count: 640

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“…Because AA is rare, the literature is currently limited to case reports that show varying severities of infection with different treatments and outcomes. 4,5 In another chronic haematological condition, sickle cell disease (SCD), patients have been found to experience a mild infectious course but are at risk of having acute SCDrelated complications. 6,7 In the present case series, we report the clinical outcomes of five patients with SAA who developed COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Covid-19 Infection In Patients With Severe Aplastic Anaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%