COVID-19 in Rajasthan: Status and Effects of Containment Measures

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Presently world is facing Corona virus disease pandemic. This disease was first identified in Wuhan city of China which spread rapidly to more than 200 countries including India. Rajasthan is a state affected badly with this disease. So this present study was conducted to find out the status of COVID-19 in state and to find out the effects of containment measures taken. Materials and Methods: This record base case series type of study was conducted from reports received of confirmed COVID-19 cases and reported to the IDSP, DMHS from March 2nd 2020 to May 25th 2020, from various reporting units of Rajasthan. Desired information's were collected, compiled and analyzed. Interpretation and Conclusion: There were 7351 laboratory-confirmed case including 4061 recovered cases and 166 deaths. Recovery rate and Case Fatality Rate were found 55.24% and 2.26% respectively. (2.4%) reported. Although patients of all ages were affected with this disease but majority (81.99%) were in 16-60 years of age group. In these positive cases male predominance was also observed with M:F ratio 2.11. Majority of district of Rajasthan were affected with this pandemic having about half of cases in three districts v.i.z. in Jaipur, Jodhpur and Udaipur districts. Average Doubling time has increased from 4 days to 18 days as a result of containment measures undertaken in Rajasthan. So these containment measures like social distancing, masking, washing hand frequently etc. Should be taken care of even after lockdown to prevent the COVID-19 infection.

Pregnancy and calving rate of artificial insemination with sexed semen in swamp buffaloes under field conditions

“…To increase the number of bulls, it can be done by increasing the proportional birth of males (or females) using frozen semen-sexed spermatozoa Y and X through artificial insemination (AI) has been well-known in cattle and buffaloes [2]. The development of sperm sexing technology, and its applications in buffaloes have been thoroughly reviewed [3,4].…”

“…The application of this technology requires high costs, so it is rather difficult to apply, especially in an artificial insemination center in a regional area. Various methods have been used in sperm sexing, such as sedimentation (albumin column), electrophoresis, filtration (sephadex column), and Percoll density gradient centrifugation [2]. Among these methods, the albumin column method is a simple method where the differences in X and Y spermatozoa are measured based on differences in mass and size of spermatozoa, which cause differences in motility.…”