COVID-19 increases a person’s risk of cardiovascular problems: how common is chronic heart failure in SARS-CoV-2 patients? a case report

Abstract

Background and importance: The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection typically affects the lungs but can also cause life-threatening heart issues. Heart failure is a common condition that can occur either with an existing heart condition or de novo as part of the clinical course of COVID-19. Case presentation: On 11 October 2022, a 60-year-old middle-aged black African woman widow was admitted with a history of muscular weakness for 2 days, a lack of appetite, and occasional vomiting for 1 day. She arrived at the emergency room after complaining for 2 days of peeing less than usual, a fast heartbeat, swelling in the feet, pink blood-tinged mucus, fever, headache, dehydration, a nonproductive cough, and shortness of breath. The left ventricular ejection fraction was 43% on the echocardiogram. Routine reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testing was performed in the emergency room; she tested COVID-19 positive. To treat her proven COVID-19 infection, she received subcutaneous enoxaparin 80 mg every 12 h as prophylaxis for deep venous thromboembolism. Clinical discussion: A COVID-19 infection can induce cardiac failure and arrhythmias, as well as cause direct harm to the heart. This study explains how enoxaparin has dual benefits in this case report: it reduces the risk of venous thromboembolism in the COVID-19 hospitalized case and prevents death and cardiac ischemia in myocardial infarction. Conclusion: Higher mortality and more frequent acute decompensation may be caused by the capacity of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus 2 to cause myocardial injury, as well as by patients with chronic heart failure’s lower baseline features, decreased cardiopulmonary reserve, and susceptibility for myocardial injury.