COVID-19 Infection and Acute Pulmonary Embolism in an Adolescent Female With Sickle Cell Disease

Kasinathan, Sushma; Ashraf, Hasina Mohammad; Minkowitz, Sheera; Adeyinka, Adebayo; Bailey-Correa, Keneisha

doi:10.7759/cureus.12348

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… n/a 0 (0) Justino et al [ 114 ] Brazil 1 (0/1) 35 HbSS BT (1) Despite previous h/o pulmonary disease and current pregnancy, clinical course was very favorable. n/a 0 (0) Kasinathan et al [ 86 ] USA 1 (0/1) 20 HbSC BT (1) SCD diagnosis was unknown at time of presentation. Pulmonary embolism complicated condition.…”

Section: Patients With Covid-19 and Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the general population, children are less likely to experience severe COVID-19 outcomes as compared to adults [ 76 ], but only few studies [ 29 , 72 ] have examined children with SCD and SARS-CoV-2 infection in sufficiently large cohorts from which valid inference can be drawn, as the vast majority of studies were case reports with less than 10 patients [ 67 , 68 , 75 , [77] , [78] , [79] , [80] , [81] , [82] , [83] , [84] , [85] , [86] , [87] , [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] ].…”

Section: Patients With Covid-19 and Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was hypothesized that activation of the type I Interferon (IFN-I) pathway may have contributed to partial protection from SARS-CoV-2 severe illness and death seen in their pediatric sample. Among the smaller pediatric studies [ 67 , 68 , 75 , [77] , [78] , [79] , [80] , [81] , [82] , [83] , [84] , [85] , [86] , [87] , [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] ] that reported on a combined 42 children with SCD, there was 1 (2.4%) patient with a history of prior pulmonary and cardiac complications who died from COVID-19 disease.…”

Section: Patients With Covid-19 and Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait: A critical appraisal of the literature

et al. 2022

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Section: Patients With Covid-19 and Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patients With Covid-19 and Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patients With Covid-19 and Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait: A critical appraisal of the literature

et al. 2022

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“…Contrary to this, some authors advocate that sickle cell disease confers an increased risk for severe COVID-19 ( 41 , 43 , 51 , 52 , 54 , 61 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 88 , 94 , 95 , 98 , 111 , 112 ). More than one algorithm conceived to calculate the risk of different populations developing complications from COVID-19 pointed to sickle cell disease as a risk factor ( 48 , 73 , 88 , 100 ) supporting, for example, the indication of the prophylactic use of anticoagulants for this group ( 53 , 56 , 65 , 84 ). In fact, the hypercoagulability state typical of sickle cell disease and the capacity of COVID-19 to promote thromboembolic events are listed as reasons that could explain the possibly higher risk of adverse outcomes of the infection ( 52 , 72 , 99 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with sickle cell disease: an integrative review

et al. 2023

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Sickle cell disease is the most common hemoglobinopathy among humans. As the condition promotes susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammation, and hypercoagulability disorders, several international agencies have included individuals with this disease in the COVID-19 risk group for severe outcomes. However, available information about the subject is not properly systematized yet. This review aimed to understand and summarize the scientific knowledge about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with sickle cell disease. Searches were performed in the Medline, PubMed, and Virtual Health Library databases based on descriptors chosen according to the Medical Subject Headings. We analyzed studies published between 2020 and October 2022, developed with qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methodology, and written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. The search resulted in 90 articles organized into six categories. There is disagreement in the literature about how different aspects related to sickle cell disease, such as chronic inflammation status, hypercoagulability, hemolytic anemia, use of hydroxyurea, and access to medical care interference with the clinical course of COVID-19. These topics deserve further investigation. It is evident, however, that the infection may manifest in an atypical way and act as a trigger for the development of sickle cell-specific complications, such as acute chest syndrome and vaso-occlusive crises, conditions that are associated with great morbidity and mortality. Therefore, healthcare professionals must be aware of the different forms of presentation of COVID-19 among these individuals. Specific guidelines and therapeutic protocols, as well as public policies for sickle cell individuals, must be considered.Systematic review registrationThis review (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NH4AS) and the review protocol (https://osf.io/3y649/) are registered in the Open Science Framework platform.

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“…Given the similar mechanisms of coagulopathy and enhanced VTE risk in SCD and COVID-19 patients individually, we hypothesize that SCD patients infected with COVID-19 have higher rates of VTE than the general population affected with COVID-19. To date, there have been few case reports and limited literature addressing rates of VTE in SCD-COVID-19 patients [56][57][58].…”

Section: Current Updates On Coagulopathy In Scd Patients With Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Independent Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism

Saxena¹,

Muthu²

2023

Cureus

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Coronavirus disease 2019 , caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been widely documented as a multi-systemic illness and associated with an increased incidence of thromboses. Likewise, sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematologic disease responsible for widespread effects on the vasculature and is also associated with elevated thrombotic risk. In this review, we examine the incidence rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in SCD and COVID-19 independently and review the mechanisms of coagulopathy associated with both diseases. We describe the possible associations and commonalities between VTE mechanisms, as both diseases cause widespread inflammation that influences each tenet of Virchow's triad. We also discuss current anticoagulation guideline recommendations for the prevention of VTE events in each of these diseases. We report on current literature to date describing rates of VTE in SCD-COVID-19 patients and outline prospective areas of research to further understand the possible synergistic influence of coagulopathy in these patients. The association between SCD and COVID-19 remains a largely under-researched area of coagulopathy in current hematology and thrombotic literature, and our report lays out potential future prospects in the field.

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COVID-19 Infection and Acute Pulmonary Embolism in an Adolescent Female With Sickle Cell Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait: A critical appraisal of the literature

Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait: A critical appraisal of the literature

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with sickle cell disease: an integrative review

COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Independent Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism

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