COVID-19 infection, and reinfection, and vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic infection among health care workers in the setting of omicron variant transmission in New Delhi, India

Malhotra, Sumit; Mani, Kalaivani; Lodha, Rakesh; Bakhshi, Sameer; Mathur, Vijay Prakash; Gupta, P.; Kedia, Saurabh; Sankar, Jhuma; Kumar, Praveen; Kumar, Arvind; Vikas, H.; Ahuja, Vineet; Sinha, Subrata; Guleria, Randeep; Dua, Aman; Ahmad, S Rehan; Upadhyay, Ashish Datt; Sati, Hem Chandra; Mani, Kiruba; Lokade, Amol Kumar; Devi, K. Pavithra; Johnson, Riya Marie; Gowthaman, K.; Kumari, Mamta; Das, Subir; Kalra, Devanshi; Swetambri,; Vasudha,; Sharma, Shubhangi; Singh, Amit Kumar; Sharma, Vikas; Kanswal, Sunita; Sharma, Rahul; Giri, Tanika; Rajput, Simple; Mehra, Geeta; Sharma, Amit; Madan, Divya; Singh, Mukesh; Gupta, Anvita; Sharma, Smily; Sachdeva, Surbhi; Kumar, M. Dinesh; Sachin, .; Singh, Ajay K.; Gohar, Naveen; Kumar, Ramu; Kanojia, Nitin; Singhania, Jyoti; Dubey, Ritu; Shukla, Sagrika; Abishek, G; Sarkar, Sujoy; Gupta, Ishan; Rai, Sabin; Tummala, Snikitha; Reddy, Thrisha; Vadodaria, Vishwa; Sharma, Ajay P.; Gupta, Amit; Vats, Manish; Deori, Trideep Jyoti; Jaiswal, Abhishek; Pandit, Sabitri

doi:10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100023

Cited by 26 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…37 38 39 40 Milder infections could be a result of other factors apart from omicron variants, such as effects of previous infection and vaccination protection. 41 However, multiple studies have indicated a reduced or no effect of different COVID-19 vaccines against omicron variants. 42 43 44…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Hypercoagulopathy of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Delta Variants when Compared to the Less Severe Omicron Variants Is Related to TEG Parameters, the Extent of Fibrin Amyloid Microclots, and the Severity of Clinical Illness

Grobbelaar

Kruger

Venter

et al. 2022

Semin Thromb Hemost

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Earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with plasma hypercoagulability (as judged by thromboelastography) and an extensive formation of fibrin amyloid microclots, which are considered to contribute to the pathology of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19). The newer Omicron variants appear to be far more transmissible, but less virulent, even when taking immunity acquired from previous infections or vaccination into account. We here show that while the clotting parameters associated with Omicron variants are significantly raised over those of healthy, matched controls, they are only raised to levels significantly lower than those seen with more severe variants such as beta and delta. We also observed that individuals infected with omicron variants manifested less extensive microclot formation in platelet-poor plasma compared with those harboring the more virulent variants. The measurement of clotting effects between the different variants acts as a kind of “internal control” that demonstrates the relationship between the extent of coagulopathies and the virulence of the variant of interest. This adds to the evidence that microclots may play an important role in reflecting the severity of symptoms observed in COVID-19.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Hypercoagulopathy of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Delta Variants when Compared to the Less Severe Omicron Variants Is Related to TEG Parameters, the Extent of Fibrin Amyloid Microclots, and the Severity of Clinical Illness

Grobbelaar

Kruger

Venter

et al. 2022

Semin Thromb Hemost

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“…Nevertheless, no secondary infec-tions were traced back to any of the breakthrough cases, suggesting that these HCWs may have been less contagious than unvaccinated HCWs. 19,26,27,30,35 Evidence shows that HCWs who received the BNT162b2 vaccine have a significantly lower incidence rate of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection after 7 days' duration from the second dose compared with the unvaccinated. 30 It has been reported worldwide that the more recent variants of SARS-CoV-2, such as delta and omicron, can infect fully vaccinated individuals compromising the VE and causing symptomatic COVID-19 among HCWs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and Risk Factors of COVID-19 among Health Care Workers

Alghader

Valvi

Hoz

2023

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant occupational risk factor to health care workers (HCWs). As in previous events, this occupational risk amplifies and compounds the adverse impact of the pandemic. We conducted a narrative review summarizing risk factors associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in HCWs. We searched for original observational studies (including case-control, cross-sectional, prospective and retrospective cohorts) using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 22 articles were reviewed, including eligible English articles published between April 2020 and May 2022. Job category, work environment, personal protective equipment (PPE) noncompliance, lack of PPE awareness and training, unvaccinated status, and competing community and household exposures were identified as risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission among HCWs. Effective measures to protect HCWs from SARS-CoV-2 need to account for the identified occupational risk factors. Identifying and understanding COVID-19 risk factors among HCWs must be considered a public health priority for policy makers to mitigate occupational and community transmission in current and future epidemics.

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“…2). Twenty-five studies were from populations primarily of European ancestry [9,30,, seventeen studies on East Asians [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] (note that one of these studies, [75], reports on the same cohort as [74], and therefore was removed from the meta-analysis), eight studies on South Asians [79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86], four studies on Latinos/Hispanics [87][88][89][90], five studies on populations in Africa [91][92][93][94][95], and three studies from the Middle East [96][97][98]. The location of studies, with the prevalence indicated by the color intensity, and the cohort size indicated by the size of the circles, shows that Western countries report the highest prevalence, while studies from East Asia and the Middle East report the lowest prevalence (Fig.…”

Section: Properties Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Bartheld

Wang

2022

Preprint

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The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review and meta-analysis provide information about regional differences in prevalence as well as an estimate of the global prevalence of olfactory dysfunction based on 41 studies reporting on nearly 600,000 patients infected with the omicron variant. Our estimate of the omicron-induced prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in populations of European ancestry is 11.6%, while it is significantly lower in all other populations, at 2.9-5.4%. When ethnic differences and population sizes are taken into account, the global prevalence of omicron-induced hyposmia in adults is estimated at 5.2%. Omicron's effect on olfaction is 3-4fold lower than that of the alpha or delta variant, according to previous meta-analyses and our analysis of studies that directly compared prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between omicron and previous variants. The profile of prevalence differences between ethnicities mirrors the results of a recent genome-wide association study that implicated a gene locus encoding an odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, to be linked to the extent of COVID-related loss of smell. Our analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that this enzyme contributes to the observed population differences.

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COVID-19 infection, and reinfection, and vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic infection among health care workers in the setting of omicron variant transmission in New Delhi, India

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Relative Hypercoagulopathy of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Delta Variants when Compared to the Less Severe Omicron Variants Is Related to TEG Parameters, the Extent of Fibrin Amyloid Microclots, and the Severity of Clinical Illness

Relative Hypercoagulopathy of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Delta Variants when Compared to the Less Severe Omicron Variants Is Related to TEG Parameters, the Extent of Fibrin Amyloid Microclots, and the Severity of Clinical Illness

Transmission and Risk Factors of COVID-19 among Health Care Workers

Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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