COVID-19, instability and migrant fish workers in Asia

Marschke, Melissa; Vandergeest, Peter; Havice, Elizabeth; Kadfak, Alin; Duker, Peter; Isopescu, Ilinca; MacDonnell, Mallory

doi:10.1007/s40152-020-00205-y

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…COVID-19 policy responses impacted the operation of such businesses resulted in lowered incomes and caused substantial unemployment ( Reardon et al, 2020 ; Liverpool‐Tasie, Reardon, Belton ). Migrant fish workers were not able to leave fishing boats in India, ports in Thailand, or an Ecuadorian fishing vessel in the South Pacific, and closures of fish markets have rendered many fish workers jobless ( Marschke et al, 2020 ; Havice et al, 2020 ; WorldFish, 2020 ). India's nationwide lockdown also forced the closure of hatcheries, feed mills and processing plants, and sharp drop in demand from the U.S. and Europe reduced international exports of frozen shrimp, which account for 70% of India seafood exports.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging COVID-19 impacts, responses, and lessons for building resilience in the seafood system

Love

Allison

Asche

et al. 2021

Global Food Security

200

196

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The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns are creating health and economic crises that threaten food and nutrition security. The seafood sector provides important sources of nutrition and employment, especially in low-income countries, and is highly globalized allowing shocks to propagate. We studied COVID-19-related disruptions, impacts, and responses to the seafood sector from January through May 2020, using a food system resilience ‘action cycle’ framework as a guide. We find that some supply chains, market segments, companies, small-scale actors and civil society have shown initial signs of greater resilience than others. COVID-19 has also highlighted the vulnerability of certain groups working in- or dependent on the seafood sector. We discuss early coping and adaptive responses combined with lessons from past shocks that could be considered when building resilience in the sector. We end with strategic research needs to support learning from COVID-19 impacts and responses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging COVID-19 impacts, responses, and lessons for building resilience in the seafood system

Love

Allison

Asche

et al. 2021

Global Food Security

200

196

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A growing range of impacts on aquatic food 1 producers, value chain actors, and consumers is evident. This includes disruptions to international trade in aquatic foods, reconfiguration of domestic food value chains, and exposure of fishers and seafood processing workers to COVID-19 infection [11] , immobilization of migrant fishers and fishworkers [12] , delays in accessing critical production inputs for aquaculture such as broodstock and seed [13] , [14] , changes in levels of fishing pressure [15] , fluctuating consumer and producer prices, changing product preferences, and reduced levels of production [11] , [16] , [17] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 impacts and adaptations in Asia and Africa’s aquatic food value chains

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a shock affecting all areas of the global food system. We tracked the impacts of COVID-19 and associated policy responses on the availability and price of aquatic foods and production inputs during 2020, using a high frequency longitudinal survey of 768 respondents in Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Myanmar, Nigeria. We found the following: (1) Aquatic food value chains were severely disrupted but most effects on the availability and accessibility of aquatic foods and production inputs were short-lived. (2) Impacts on demand for aquatic foods, production inputs, and labor have been longer lasting than impacts on their supply. (3) Retail prices of aquatic foods spiked briefly during March-May 2020 but trended down thereafter, whereas prices of production inputs rose. These trends suggest a deepening ‘squeeze’ on the financial viability of producers and other value chain actors. (4) Survey respondents adapted to the challenges of COVID-19 by reducing production costs, sourcing alternative inputs, diversifying business activities, leveraging social capital, borrowing, seeking alternative employment, and reducing food consumption. Many of these coping strategies are likely to undermine well-being and longer-term resilience, but we also find some evidence of proactive strategies with potential to strengthen business performance. Global production of aquatic food likely contracted significantly in 2020. The importance of aquatic food value chains in supporting livelihoods and food and nutrition security in Asia and Africa makes their revitalization essential in the context of COVID-19 recovery efforts. We outline immediate and longer-term policies and interventions to support this goal.

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“…VMS and PIPO continued to be active during the first author's last visit to Thailand in Feb-March 2020. However, the pandemic crisis has landed on top of the unfinished reform, which has resulted in not only the restriction of movement of fishworkers between provinces and national borders, but also the change in market demand of fresh seafood both domestically and internationally [46].…”

Section: Thailand and Eu Iuu Regulation Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Networks: Modes of governance in the EU’s external fisheries policy relations under the IUU Regulation in Thailand and the SFPA with Senegal

Kadfak

Antonova

2021

Marine Policy

Self Cite

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The EU envisions itself as a global leader in sustainable fisheries governance. This paper explores how two key policies seek to implement these aspirations internationallythe Illegal, Unregulated, and Unreported (IUU) regulation and the Sustainable Fishing Partnership Agreements (SFPAs). We draw on case studies in Thailand and Senegal to examine the specific mechanisms through which the EU influences fisheries governance beyond its territory, respectively through the IUU regulation and SFPAs. Drawing on normative power literature, we argue that the EU utilises network and market modes of governance to translate normative environmental values into third country regulations as part of dialogue and negotiation processes. In particular, we expand on the functioning of the network mode of governance by looking at how the EU has used socialisation and partnership approaches to promote certain values during its dialogues with both countries. In Thailand, the EU helped promote fisheries reform through its IUU yellow card mechanism, but its influence has at times been criticised as too directive. Meanwhile, the latest iteration of the EU's bilateral fishing relations with Senegal under the new SFPA scheme shows promising improvement compared to previous versions, but remains complicated by the two countries' relative power imbalance. Overall, our paper seeks to enrich the engagement of fisheries governance literature with questions of EU relations with third countries. Our two case studies demonstrate how exploring the functioning of normative aspects is significant particularly because the advancement of sustainability in global fisheries depends on concrete, historically complex, and multilaterally constructed power relations.

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COVID-19, instability and migrant fish workers in Asia

Cited by 53 publications

References 18 publications

Emerging COVID-19 impacts, responses, and lessons for building resilience in the seafood system

Emerging COVID-19 impacts, responses, and lessons for building resilience in the seafood system

COVID-19 impacts and adaptations in Asia and Africa’s aquatic food value chains

Sustainable Networks: Modes of governance in the EU’s external fisheries policy relations under the IUU Regulation in Thailand and the SFPA with Senegal

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