COVID-19 is Observed in Older Children During the Omicron Wave in New York City

Narayanan, Nisha; Langer, Samantha; Acker, Karen P.; Rosenblatt, Steven D.; Simmons, Will; Wu, Alan; Han, Jinyoung; Abramson, Erika L.; Grinspan, Zachary M.; Levine, Deborah A.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2022.09.036

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similarly, and consistent with our findings, an increase of laryngotracheitis symptoms have also been reported during the Omicron wave in previous studies. A possible explanation could be the increased replication of the Omicron variant in the upper respiratory tract 24–27 . The higher frequency of fever observed in infants in our study could partly be attributed to clinicians hospitalising them more readily when presenting with fever, rather than it being inherently more common in this age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…A possible explanation could be the increased replication of the Omicron variant in the upper respiratory tract. [24][25][26][27] The higher frequency of fever observed in infants in our study could partly be attributed to clinicians hospitalising them more readily when presenting with fever, rather than it being inherently more common in this age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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The changing clinical presentation of COVID‐19 in children during the course of the pandemic

Wurm,

Uka,

Bernet

et al. 2023

Acta Paediatrica

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AimTo investigate the evolution of clinical symptoms of COVID‐19 in children throughout the pandemic.MethodsIn this national prospective surveillance study, symptoms in children hospitalised with COVID‐19 were collected from all paediatric hospitals in Switzerland between March 2020 and March 2023. Data was analysed across four time periods, according to the predominantly circulating SARS‐CoV‐2 variant: T1 (wild‐type), T2 (Alpha), T3 (Delta) and T4 (Omicron), as well as by age group.ResultsThe study included 1323 children. The proportion of children admitted to an intensive care unit remained stable throughout the pandemic. However, the pattern and frequency of clinical manifestations changed over time. Respiratory symptoms were less prevalent during T1 (wild‐type), fever during T2 (Alpha) and rash during T4 (Omicron). In contrast, fever and neurological symptoms were more prevalent during T4 (Omicron). Newly described symptoms during T4 (Omicron) included conjunctivitis, laryngotracheitis and seizures. Fever was more prevalent among neonates and infants whereas respiratory symptoms were more common among infants. Gastrointestinal symptoms were more frequent among toddlers, while both toddlers and school‐aged children presented with neurological symptoms more often than other age groups.ConclusionContinuous surveillance is required to detect changes in manifestations and there by be prepared for the optimal management of complications in children with COVID‐19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The changing clinical presentation of COVID‐19 in children during the course of the pandemic

Wurm,

Uka,

Bernet

et al. 2023

Acta Paediatrica

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“…Loss of taste, which was relatively uncommon in children compared to adults in the earlier waves, was almost never reported with Omicron [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. A single-center study from New York reported an increase in the proportion of pediatric patients hospitalized with croup from 1.1% pre-Omicron to 6.6% during the Omicron wave [ 8 ]. Similar findings were observed using the US National COVID-19 Cohort Collaborative, which found that upper airway infection rates associated with SARS-CoV-2 disease increased from 1.5% to 4.1% from the pre-Omicron to Omicron period [ 9 ].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Acute Covid-19 In Children With S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Host Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children Compared to Adults

Demirhan,

Goldman,

Herold

2023

JCM

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The COVID-19 pandemic challenged the medical field to rapidly identify and implement new approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The scientific community also needed to rapidly initiate basic, translational, clinical and epidemiological studies to understand the pathophysiology of this new family of viruses, which continues to evolve with the emergence of new genetic variants. One of the earliest clinical observations that provided a framework for the research was the finding that, in contrast to most other respiratory viruses, children developed less severe acute and post-acute disease compared to adults. Although the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection changed with each new wave of the pandemic, which was dominated by evolving viral variants, the differences in severity between children and adults persisted. Comparative immunologic studies have shown that children mount a more vigorous local innate response characterized by the activation of interferon pathways and recruitment of innate cells to the mucosa, which may mitigate against the hyperinflammatory adaptive response and systemic cytokine release that likely contributed to more severe outcomes including acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. In this review, the clinical manifestations and immunologic responses in children during the different waves of COVID-19 are discussed.

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“…Therefore, the mainstay of treatment is oral corticosteroids in the emergency department and discharge with an appropriate safety net 2 7. It is important to note that recent studies involving children with SARS-CoV-2 and croup have observed a more severe illness, a greater requirement for epinephrine and a greater need for intensive care 3–6 8. As such, although the treatment is the same, clinicians should be mindful of the probability of a more severe illness when treating children with COVID-19 and croup 3–6 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of corticosteroids for croup in children

Hibberd,

Chylinska,

Finn

et al. 2024

Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed

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COVID-19 is Observed in Older Children During the Omicron Wave in New York City

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

The changing clinical presentation of COVID‐19 in children during the course of the pandemic

The changing clinical presentation of COVID‐19 in children during the course of the pandemic

Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Host Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children Compared to Adults

Use of corticosteroids for croup in children

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