COVID-19 outbreaks at shelters for women who are victims of gender-based violence from Ecuador

Vallejo-Janeta, Alexander Paolo; Morales-Jadán, Diana; Freire‐Paspuel, Byron; Lozada, Tannya; Cherrez-Bohorquez, Cesar; García-Bereguiaín, Miguel Angel; Ortíz-Prado, Esteban; Rivera-Olivero, Ismar A.; Henriquez, Aquiles R; Jaramillo, Tatiana; Gordon, Daniela Santander; Iturralde, Gabriel; Teran, Julio Alejandro; Vasquez, Karen Marcela; Rondal, Jonathan Dario; Granda, Genoveva; Santamaria, Ana Cecilia; Pino, Cynthia Lorena; Buitron, Angie; Grisales, David Sanchez; Jimenez, Karina Beatriz; Galvis, Heberson; Coronel, Barbara; Bastidas, Vanessa; Aguilar, Dayana Marcela; Paredes, Ines Maria; Bilvao, Christian David; Paredes-Espinosa, Maria Belen; Rodríguez, Angel; Laglaguano, Juan Carlos; Herrera, Henry; Galarraga, Edison Andres; Zambrano-Mila, Marlon S.; Tito-Álvarez, Ana M; Zapata, Nelson David

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.06.012

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, no resources were allocated to most of the rural provinces of the country, and the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was centralized in the three laboratories from the “Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica e Investigación” located in the three main cities of Ecuador ( 18 ). Together with studies carried out in Afro-Ecuadorian communities ( 19 ), rural villages from the Manabi province ( 14 , 15 ), Amazonian indigenous communities ( 7 , 8 ), women victims of gender-based violence ( 41 ), food riders, or funeral home workers ( 42 , 43 ) from Ecuador, those results highlight the need for active COVID-19 monitoring in community-dwelling individuals from vulnerable groups and neglected communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

High SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and viral loads in community-dwelling individuals from rural indigenous and mestizo communities from the Andes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador

Morales-Jadán

Vallejo-Janeta²,

Bastidas³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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BackgroundNeglected indigenous groups and underserved rural populations in Latin America are highly vulnerable to COVID-19 due to poor health infrastructure and limited access to SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. The Andean region in Ecuador includes a large number of isolated rural mestizo and indigenous communities living under poverty conditions.ObjectiveWe herein present a retrospective analysis of the surveillance SARS-CoV-2 testing in community-dwelling populations from four provinces in the Ecuadorian Andes, carried out during the first weeks after the national lockdown was lifted in June 2020.ResultsA total number of 1,021 people were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR, resulting in an overall high infection rate of 26.2% (268/1,021, 95% CI: 23.6–29%), which was over 50% in several communities. Interestingly, community-dwelling super spreaders with viral loads over 108 copies/mL represented 7.46% (20/268, 95% CI: 4.8–11.1%) of the SARS-CoV-2 infected population.ConclusionThese results support that COVID-19 community transmission in rural communities from the Andean region was happening at the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador and point out the weakness of the COVID-19 control program. Community-dwelling individuals in neglected rural and indigenous communities should be considered for a successful control and surveillance program in future pandemics in low- and middle-income countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

High SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and viral loads in community-dwelling individuals from rural indigenous and mestizo communities from the Andes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador

Morales-Jadán

Vallejo-Janeta²,

Bastidas³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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“…Although the results are consistent with our hypotheses, several studies mention that living with people in a family environment has many positive effects on mental health ( 61–63 ). This is possibly due to the particular characteristics of the pandemic in Ecuador, such as the strict social confinement in all regions of the country ( 64 ), presence of overcrowding in homes ( 65 ), effects of gender violence (sexism) ( 66 ), use of technologies for online learning ( 67 ), fear of getting infected ( 68 ), and economic problems derived from the health situation ( 69 ). Added to this, the characteristics of the social context in Ecuador are essential since most university students live with their families, and it is also common to live in extended families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A predictive model of perceived stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in university students Ecuadorians

Reivan Ortiz,

Yanza,

Campoverde

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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Background and objectivesThe situation caused by the confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the mobility restriction implemented by governments worldwide had a significant impact on people’s routines. Stressors are known to increase emotional imbalance, uncertainty, and frustration in the general population. This study explores the factors that predispose to the risk of perceived stress from COVID-19 and determines the underlying mediating mechanisms in the Ecuadorian population.MethodThe cross-sectional study an incidental non-probabilistic sample of n = 977 participating student volunteers from the four regions of the Republic of Ecuador (68.6% women and 31.4% men). Data on emotional regulation (ERQ), perceived stress (PSS), active procrastination (APS), diagnosis and symptoms related to COVID-19, social isolation, coexistence, and a sociodemographic questionnaire (biological sex, marital status, and age) were recruited. Statistical analysis was based on a structural equation model.ResultsThe risk of suffering perceived stress in the COVID-19 pandemic was higher for single women who have lived longer in social isolation, have lived with more people, have poor emotional regulation and high rates of procrastination. This structural model is similar in all Ecuadorian regions χ2 = 21.54 (p = 0.760), RMSEA = 0.001 (95%CI, 0.00–0.02), CFI = 0.998; TLI = 0.999; SRMR = 0.020.DiscussionAlthough our findings are consistent and revealing for the scientific community, the lack of discrimination of the data due to strict isolation measures, taken at different periods by the Ecuadorian government against positive cases of COVID-19, is discussed. The research was applied to the university population, it would be representative to extend the study to schools and colleges.ConclusionWe consider this work as a starting point for the creation of preventive models against perceived stress in the university environment in the event of health emergencies.

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“…The ongoing pandemic had increased emotional and substance abuse in the family members, particularly in the male population who has increased violent behaviour among women in their families. Women are observing severe health, social and economic impact with their unpaid domestic care responsibilities, domestic violence, violence in shelter homes, children’s exposure to family violence, child abuse, social isolation and so on (Ayittey et al, 2020; Humphreys et al, 2020; Vallejo-Janeta et al, 2021). A group of Harvard disease experts is further saying that people need to follow some form of social distancing and also need to confine into isolation until 2022 (World Economic Forum, 2020), which is further worsening the mental health conditions of the population across the world.…”

Section: Infectious Diseases Outbreaks Over the Years And Their Psych...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of Perceived Stress and Impact of Health Locus of Control During COVID-19 Pandemic: Investigating Entrepreneurs and Corporate Employees

Chandra

Yagnik²

2022

South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management

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The sudden, rapid and ongoing outbreak of novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has forced social distancing and lockdowns. Many people have already started experiencing an elevated feeling of loneliness, emotional distress, anxious and depressive thoughts related to the concerns for the disrupted social, emotional, spiritual, professional and financial wellbeing of family, friends and self. Many are feeling distressed on recurring thoughts about how long this pandemic will last, whether our family and friends will be infected and how long we will be living in this condition. Hence, the researchers of this study anticipated that the COVID-19 outbreak would be highly stressful to the people and will have psychological consequences of varying degrees. This study examines the relationship of stress, anxiety with health locus of control (HLOC) among entrepreneurs and employees serving in organisations, and the coping strategies they have adopted to overcome it. Using the quasi-experiment method, the data were collected using the perceived stress scale (PSS) and multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) from 91 entrepreneurs and employees. The findings indicated a significant association between HLOC and stress. It was observed that respondents were aware that the current work stress is arising because of a struggle to balance personal and professional lives during the pandemic. Further, it was also observed that stress was significantly higher in employees than entrepreneurs, and HLOC types positively impacted their stress levels.

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COVID-19 outbreaks at shelters for women who are victims of gender-based violence from Ecuador

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

High SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and viral loads in community-dwelling individuals from rural indigenous and mestizo communities from the Andes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador

High SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and viral loads in community-dwelling individuals from rural indigenous and mestizo communities from the Andes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador

A predictive model of perceived stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in university students Ecuadorians

Experience of Perceived Stress and Impact of Health Locus of Control During COVID-19 Pandemic: Investigating Entrepreneurs and Corporate Employees

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