COVID-19 Pain and Comorbid Symptoms

Eze, Bright; Starkweather, Angela

doi:10.1097/01.tpm.0000753136.60432.2f

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…When activated in the central nervous system, the PAMPs and DAMPs bind to receptors to stimulate the intracellular inflammasomes and the central nervous system defense system (Eze & Starkweather, 2021). Inflammasomes induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes, but excessive inflammation can result in chronic or systemic inflammatory diseases (Guo et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammasomes induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes, but excessive inflammation can result in chronic or systemic inflammatory diseases (Guo et al, 2015). Eze and Starkweather (2021) have hypothesized that the symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome are associated with similar pathophysiological events such as the development and maintenance of pain by the microglial release of proinflammatory mediators and initialization of the inflammasomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

et al. 2022

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Background: Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many individuals have reported persistent symptoms and/or complications lasting beyond 4 weeks, which is now called post-COVID-19 syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory coronavirus that causes COVID-19, and injury to the lungs is expected; however, there is often damage to numerous other cells and organs, leading to an array of symptoms. These long-term symptoms occur in patients with mild to severe COVID-19; currently, there is limited literature on the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of this syndrome.Objectives: The purpose of this integrative review is to summarize and evaluate post-COVID-19 syndrome from a biological perspective.Methods: An integrative review was conducted using Whittemore and Knafl's methodology for literature published through August 30, 2021. The PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published as of August 30, 2021, using combinations of the following key words: post-COVID-19 syndrome, post-SARS-CoV-2, long COVID-19, long COVID-19 syndrome, and pathophysiology of post-COVID-19. Data were analyzed using the constant comparison method.Results: The search generated 27,929 articles. After removing duplicates and screening abstracts and full-text reviews, we retained 68 articles and examined 54 specific articles related to the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 syndrome. The findings from our review indicated that there were four pathophysiological categories involved: virus-specific pathophysiological variations, oxidative stress, immunologic abnormalities, and inflammatory damage.Discussion: Although studies examining the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 syndrome are still relatively few, there is growing evidence that this is a complex and multifactorial syndrome involving virus-specific pathophysiological variations that affect many mechanisms but specifically oxidative stress, immune function, and inflammation. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and longer term consequences involved in post-COVID-19 syndrome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

et al. 2022

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Investigating the Apoptosis Status of Peripheral Lymphocytes in COVID-19 Patients in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abiri,

Raesi,

Kashani

2024

TOPHJ

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Background Although COVID-19 has been contained and the world is now in the post-corona era, evidence shows that the coronavirus can still cause hospitalization and even death of patients by inducing cell apoptosis. Aim The present study was conducted to investigate the apoptosis status of peripheral lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19 in the post-corona era. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using a simple random sampling method in December, 2023, by examining the apoptosis level of peripheral lymphocytes in samples taken from 54 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Velayat Damghan Hospital. Using an RT-PCR test, the nucleic acid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was identified in all COVID-19 patients. Apoptosis assay was performed using the Annexin V/Propidium Iodide technique. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism and inferential statistics tests. Results A total of 54 patients with COVID-19 in the age range of 21 to 59 years, of whom 44.4% were hospitalized in the non-ICU department and 55.5% in the ICU department. Among them, 27.7% required intubation, while 27.7% did not need intubation. The highest level of apoptosis in peripheral lymphocytes was observed in the intubated ICU (4.28%) and non-intubated ICU (1.89%) groups. The intubation group showed a significant difference from the non-intubation group (p < 0.01). In all groups, there was a significant increase in the level of apoptosis compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion The increased apoptosis in COVID-19 patients raises concerns about the potential impact on immune function and the development of long-term health complications.

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Evaluate Post-Covid-19 Syndrome from A Biological Perspective

Neha

2022

IJHCN

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Post-coronavirus illness 2019 (post-COVID-19) syndrome has been identified in a number of patients who initially experienced symptoms during the initial stages of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic. Since SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory coronavirus that induces COVID-19, lung damage is a common complication; however, many other cells & organs are typically harmed as well, resulting in a wide range of symptoms. Patients with mild to severe COVID-19 experience these long-lasting symptoms, however there is little published research on the possible pathophysiological reasons behind this disease. This comprehensive study aims to sum up & assess the biological evidence surrounding post-COVID-19 syndrome. The research reviewed up to August 30, 2021 was included in an integrated review using the methods developed by Whittemore & Knafl.

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COVID-19 Pain and Comorbid Symptoms

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

Investigating the Apoptosis Status of Peripheral Lymphocytes in COVID-19 Patients in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Cross-Sectional Study

Evaluate Post-Covid-19 Syndrome from A Biological Perspective

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