COVID-19 pandemic lesson learned- critical parameters and research needs for UVC inactivation of viral aerosols

Abkar, Leili; Zimmermann, Karl; Dixit, Fuhar; Khairandish, Ataollah; Mohseni, Madjid

doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100183

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…Similar observations have been reported for other microorganisms. , A definite enhancement of the UV inactivation rate constants in aerosols relative to those in liquid suspensions was observed irrespective of the microbial species. The optical Mie scattering model has been proposed as a candidate to explain this significant enhancement. , Other potential influencing factors include the absorbance of UV radiation by water and increased vulnerability to UV irradiation owing to desiccation and oxygenation during aerosolization. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…58,59 Other potential influencing factors include the absorbance of UV radiation by water and increased vulnerability to UV irradiation owing to desiccation and oxygenation during aerosolization. 60,61 The majority of reported UV inactivation rate constants have been derived from studies conducted by using uniform microbial suspensions in liquid media. For the design and optimization of air disinfection systems, determination of UV inactivation rate constants of model microorganisms in the air is important, considering their dependencies on the medium and microbial species.…”

Section: Electrical Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the Performance of UV Disinfection across the 222–365 nm Spectrum against Aerosolized Bacteria and Viruses

Lu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Bioaerosols play a significant role in the transmission of many infectious diseases, especially in enclosed indoor environments. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection has demonstrated a high efficacy in inactivating microorganisms suspended in the air. To develop more effective and efficient UV disinfection protocols, it is necessary to evaluate and optimize the effectiveness of UV disinfection against aerosolized bacteria and viruses across the entire UV spectrum. In this study, we evaluated the performance of UV disinfection across the UV spectrum, ranging from 222 to 365 nm, against aerosolized bacteria and viruses, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella enterica, MS2, P22, and Phi6. Six commonly available UV sources, including gas discharge tubes and light-emitting diodes with different emission spectra, were utilized, and their performance in terms of inactivation efficacy, action spectrum, and energy efficiency was determined. Among these UV sources, the krypton chloride excilamp emitting at a peak wavelength of 222 nm was the most efficient in inactivating viral bioaerosols. A low-pressure mercury lamp emitting at 254 nm performed well on both inactivation efficacy and energy efficiency. A UV light-emitting diode emitting at 268 nm demonstrated the highest bacterial inactivation efficacy, but required approximately 10 times more energy to achieve an equivalent inactivation level compared with that of the krypton chloride excilamp and low-pressure mercury lamp. This study provides insights into UV inactivation on bioaerosols, which can guide the development of effective wavelength-targeted UV air disinfection technologies and may significantly help reduce bioaerosol transmission in public areas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrical Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Performance of UV Disinfection across the 222–365 nm Spectrum against Aerosolized Bacteria and Viruses

Lu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) in 2003 with a 10% mortality rate and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012 with a 35% mortality rate, SARS-CoV-2 has been unprecedentedly sweeping the world and causing millions of deaths and countless economic losses . To prevent infection by contaminated surroundings and inhibit viral transmission, UV irradiation has been widely applied in areas such as public transport, office spaces, and hospitals , and in particular for the decontamination of masks or respirators for reuse. , Therefore, it is critical to specify an effective UV dose for a given disinfection scenario to balance the cost of disinfection and the effectiveness of inactivation for coronaviruses. Previous studies have presented valuable contributions in predicting the rate constants of virus inactivation by UV irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparing for the Next Pandemic: Predicting UV Inactivation of Coronaviruses with Machine Learning

Huang,

Ma,

Huangfu

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The epidemic of coronaviruses has posed significant public health concerns in the last two decades. An effective disinfection scheme is critical to preventing ambient virus infections and controlling the spread of further outbreaks. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been a widely used approach to inactivating pathogenic viruses. However, no viable framework or model can accurately predict the UV inactivation of coronaviruses in aqueous solutions or on environmental surfaces, where viruses are commonly found and spread in public places. By conducting a systematic literature review to collect data covering a wide range of UV wavelengths and various subtypes of coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we developed machine learning models for predicting the UV inactivation effects of coronaviruses in aqueous solutions and on environmental surfaces, for which the optimal test performance was obtained with R2 = 0.927, RMSE = 0.565 and R2 = 0.888, RMSE = 0.439, respectively. Besides, the required UV doses at different wavelengths to inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 to 1 Log TCID50/mL titer from different initial titers were predicted for inactivation in protein-free water, saliva on the environmental surface, or the N95 respirator. Our models are instructive for eliminating the ongoing pandemic and controlling the spread of an emerging and unknown coronavirus outbreak.

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Investigating the effects of particle size and relative humidity on bioaerosol disinfection in an in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system

Luo,

Zhong

2024

Building and Environment

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COVID-19 pandemic lesson learned- critical parameters and research needs for UVC inactivation of viral aerosols

Cited by 7 publications

References 130 publications

Evaluating the Performance of UV Disinfection across the 222–365 nm Spectrum against Aerosolized Bacteria and Viruses

Evaluating the Performance of UV Disinfection across the 222–365 nm Spectrum against Aerosolized Bacteria and Viruses

Preparing for the Next Pandemic: Predicting UV Inactivation of Coronaviruses with Machine Learning

Investigating the effects of particle size and relative humidity on bioaerosol disinfection in an in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system

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