COVID-19 Pneumonia in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: To identify risk factors among pregnant with COVID- 19 for adverse outcomes related to disease severity, maternal morbidities, neonatal mortality and morbidity, and adverse birth outcomes. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 45 pregnant patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by RT-PCR were evaluated at HMIMV. The inclusion criteria were pregnant patients diagnosed with COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR and hospitalized in the gynecology-obstetrics and intensive care unit at Mohammed V Military Training Hospital (HMIMV). Exclusion criteria were non-pregnant patients and pneumonia cases with unconfirmed COVID-19 cause. Data was collected from patient records and telephone calls. The study used SPSS software to analyze the data. Results: Our study recorded 45 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women over 2.5 years in the gynecology-obstetrics department at HMIMV. The age group most affected was 20-35 years, with 75% of cases. 57% of patients had no known comorbidities. 88.8% of patients were symptomatic at diagnosis, with fever, asthenia, headache, myalgia, anosmia, and ageusia being the most common symptoms. Almost 30% of patients required admission to the ICU, with 60% requiring oxygen supplementation. The study recorded 36 live births (80%), of which 26 cases (72.2%) required no further care and had a favorable outcome. Conclusion: Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be fatal, is a significant risk associated with COVID-19. Pregnant women with underlying medical conditions are more vulnerable to this complication and may benefit from preventive measures, such as lockdowns, to reduce their risk of infection. The severity of maternal disease appears to have an impact on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes, with potential complications including cesarean sections, neonatal prematurity, and admission to the intensive care unit .