COVID-19 Related Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD among US Adults

Zhu, Kexin; Niu, Zhongzheng; Freudenheim, Jo L.; Zhang, Zuo‐Feng; Li, Lei; Homish, Gregory G.; Cao, Ying; Zorich, Shauna C; Yue, Yihua; Liu, Rujie; Mu, Lina

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113959

Cited by 42 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Reports on the pandemic in the empirical literature began emerging in early 2020. We expect that this body of work will continue to expand exponentially from the approximately 3000 articles available as of this writing (Feingold et al, 2021;Jiang et al, 2020;Maalouf et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2021). Critically, there has been a renewed call to expand the definition of a qualifying Criterion A trauma and consider the pandemic, in general, to be a Criterion A stressor (Wathelet et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Norrholm

Zalta

Zoellner

et al. 2021

Depression and Anxiety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Norrholm

Zalta

Zoellner

et al. 2021

Depression and Anxiety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Socially isolated young people, condemned to constant contact with the internet, find themselves in sorrowful situations where the satisfaction of their basic needs (the need for natural, unrestrained social contacts) was impossible. This situation evokes fear and insecurity, which leads to a range of heightened reactions such as stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, behavioral changes, sleep problems, eating disorders, alcohol and drug abuse [8][9][10][11][12][13]. It would seem that feelings of stress and fear are similarly distributed throughout the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Levels and Mental Well-Being among Slovak Students during e-Learning in the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic has forced far-reaching changes in higher education. Isolation from peers and distance learning have significantly limited interpersonal contacts, which might have affected the mental well-being of students. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the level of perceived stress during e-learning among Slovak students and to identify the variables that have the most significant impact on mental health among students. The study included 3051 participants, 1773 women (58%) and 1278 (42%) with a mean age of 22.37 years. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) were used to measure the severity of stress and depression level. In addition, an author’s survey was used assessing the areas of social life, education skills, economic field, nutrition habits, and drugs. Almost all study participants were characterized by increased stress level and 47% of them were depressed. Moreover, isolation affected women more, especially in terms of social life and economics. It seems necessary to implement appropriate support programs for students, which could have the potential to improve their psychological condition.

show abstract

“…Poor socio-economic conditions have also affected mental health during COVID-19 [7][8][9]. Studies from the USA as well as other countries reported that females, younger age groups, and people with unsteady income perceived higher stress during the pandemic [8][9][10]. COVID-19 outcomes in the United States reflected racial disparities; African-American participants and Hispanic participants were reported to have several-fold higher risks of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 than White participants [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Sociodemographic Heterogeneity on the Perceptions of COVID-19: A Countrywide Survey Study in the USA

Mondal

Sinharoy

Sankoorikal

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Sociodemographic factors such as age, race, education, family income, and sex have been reported to influence COVID-related perceptions, reflected by knowledge, stress, and preventive behavior. We conducted a US-based survey to estimate the difference in COVID-related perceptions among diverse sociodemographic groups and the influence of sociodemographic heterogeneity on COVID-related perceptions. Methods: The survey enquired about sociodemographic parameters and relevant information to measure knowledge, stress, and preventive behavior. COVID-perception scores among sociodemographic subgroups were compared with ANOVA (Bonferroni). The general linear model (GLM) was used to estimate the association among sociodemographic factors and COVID-related perceptions. Results: Females (75%) and White participants (78%) were the predominant (N = 3734). Females, White participants, wealthy, and educated participants demonstrated better knowledge, while participants of minority races, younger ages, low incomes, and females experienced high stress. Females, African-Americans, and educated participants better adopted preventive behaviors. Race, family income, and sex were the highest contributors to the predictive model. Sociodemographic determinants had statistically significant associations with knowledge (F-score = 7.72, p < 0.001; foremost predictor: race), stress (F-score = 16.46, p < 0.001; foremost predictor: income), and preventive behavior (GLM: F-score = 7.72, p < 0.001, foremost predictor: sex). Conclusion: Sociodemographic heterogeneity significantly influenced COVID-related perceptions, while race, family income, and sex were the strongest determinants of COVID-related perceptions.

show abstract

COVID-19 Related Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD among US Adults

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Stress Levels and Mental Well-Being among Slovak Students during e-Learning in the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Influence of Sociodemographic Heterogeneity on the Perceptions of COVID-19: A Countrywide Survey Study in the USA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About