COVID-19’s toll on the elderly and those with diabetes mellitus – Is vitamin B12 deficiency an accomplice?

Wee, Andrew Kien Han

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110374

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…A significant portion of the SARS-Cov-2 genome codes for a main polypeptide protease (Mpro), a key enzyme for viral replication and thus an attractive target for potential anti-viral drugs. Vitamin B 12 is a potent inhibitor of Mpro and it potentially inhibits the non-structural coronavirus protein12 (an RNAdependent-RNA polymerase that is also vital for viral replication) [146]. A selenium derivative, ebselen, also inhibits Mpro and has demonstrated strong antiviral activity in cellbased assays [147].…”

Section: Obesity and Covid-19: An Additional Risk Factor With Nutritional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and COVID-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance

et al. 2022

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The COVID-19 pandemics has created unprecedented challenges and threats to patients and healthcare systems worldwide. Acute respiratory complications that require intensive care unit (ICU) management are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Among other important risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes, obesity has emerged along with undernutrition-malnutrition as a strong predictor of disease risk and severity. Obesity-related excessive body fat may lead to respiratory, metabolic and immune derangements potentially favoring the onset of COVID-19 complications. In addition, patients with obesity may be at risk for loss of skeletal muscle mass, reflecting a state of hidden malnutrition with a strong negative health impact in all clinical settings. Also importantly, obesity is commonly associated with micronutrient deficiencies that directly influence immune function and infection risk. Finally, the pandemic-related lockdown, deleterious lifestyle changes and other numerous psychosocial consequences may worsen eating behaviors, sedentarity, body weight regulation, ultimately leading to further increments of obesity-associated metabolic complications with loss of skeletal muscle mass and higher non-communicable disease risk. Therefore, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies should be routinely included in the management of COVID-19 patients in the presence of obesity; lockdown-induced health risks should also be specifically monitored and prevented in this population. In the current document, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) aims at providing clinical practice guidance for nutritional management of COVID-19 patients with obesity in various clinical settings.

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Section: Obesity and Covid-19: An Additional Risk Factor With Nutritional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and COVID-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance

et al. 2022

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“…28 Metabolic and nutritional factors have been found to have key roles in supporting the immune system, specifically in the setting of COVID-19, 29 with some evidence supporting vitamin B12 supplementation in the fight against this pathogen. 30 It can only be speculated that COVID-19 may affect the methylation cycle, which, in turn, may expose deficiencies in the immune system that are supported by this pathway. This finding may be supported by dorsal and sometimes lateral column involvement in these cases as well as in the 2 cases that demonstrated an underlying propensity for methylation cycle abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Associated Myelitis Involving the Dorsal and Lateral White Matter Tracts: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

Huang

Shah

McNally

et al. 2021

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Although animal models are required to determine whether these effects can be seen in vivo, there are already several studies investigating the possible relationship between vitamin B12 levels and SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome. 26,27 Our approach to solve a MIS problem has been implemented in other settings. Chemical similarity approaches have their pitfalls: errors in chemical structures as well as physiological effects that exist beyond the structural relationship (for example, a metabolite of the original drug with a modified structure could be the active molecule) could limit the use of this approach in drug repurposing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, we demonstrated that several forms of vitamin B12, namely cobamamide (adenosylcobalamin), methylcobalamin and hydroxocobalamin, currently used worldwide both orally and intravenously, inhibited replication of several variants of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro (Figure 5). Although animal models are required to determine whether these effects can be seen in vivo, there are already several studies investigating the possible relationship between vitamin B12 levels and SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug repurposing based on a Quantum-Inspired method versus classical fingerprinting uncovers potential antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 including vitamin B12

Jiménez-Guardeño

Ortega-Prieto

Bm³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the need to identify new therapeutics at pace, including through drug repurposing. We employed a Quadratic Unbounded Binary Optimization (QUBO) model, to search for compounds similar to Remdesivir (RDV), the only antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 currently approved for human use, using a quantum-inspired device. We modelled RDV and compounds present in the DrugBank database as graphs, established the optimal parameters in our algorithm and resolved the Maximum Weighted Independent Set problem within the conflict graph generated. We also employed a traditional Tanimoto fingerprint model. The two methods yielded different lists of compounds, with some overlap. While GS-6620 was the top compound predicted by both models, the QUBO model predicted BMS-986094 as second best. The Tanimoto model predicted different forms of cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12. We then determined the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in cell culture models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and assessed cytotoxicity. Lastly, we demonstrated efficacy against several variants including SARS-CoV-2 Strain England 2 (England 02/2020/407073), B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta) and B.1.617.2 (Delta). Our data reveal that BMS-986094 and different forms of vitamin B12 are effective at inhibiting replication of all these variants of SARS-CoV-2. While BMS-986094 can cause secondary effects in humans as established by phase II trials, these findings suggest that vitamin B12 deserves consideration as a SARS-CoV-2 antiviral, particularly given its extended use and lack of toxicity in humans, and its availability and affordability. Our screening method can be employed in future searches for novel pharmacologic inhibitors, thus providing an approach for accelerating drug deployment.

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COVID-19’s toll on the elderly and those with diabetes mellitus – Is vitamin B12 deficiency an accomplice?

Cited by 43 publications

References 78 publications

Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and COVID-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance

Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and COVID-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance

COVID-19-Associated Myelitis Involving the Dorsal and Lateral White Matter Tracts: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

Drug repurposing based on a Quantum-Inspired method versus classical fingerprinting uncovers potential antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 including vitamin B12

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