“…The COVID-19 epidemic resulted in stigma and discrimination against people based on racial and ethnic identities and perceived exposure to the disease in many settings around the globe (Baldassarre et al, 2020; Fahim et al, 2023; Gronholm et al, 2021; Rahman et al, 2023; Siu et al, 2023; Yashadhana et al, 2022). A systematic review of research, with individuals in more than 150 countries and territories spanning five continents, revealed that the most researched populations facing COVID-19 stigma have been Chinese and other Asian people, COVID-19 positive patients and survivors, and health care workers.…”