COVID-19 strains remote regions of Peru

Fraser, Barbara

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31236-8

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Rather than to model the interaction between COVID-19 and dengue as it unfolded in Iquitos, however, our goal was to use a model previously developed for Iquitos to address a general question about the effect of lockdown on dengue. Even so, it is worth noting that Iquitos did experience a large COVID-19 epidemic beginning in March 2020, which severely strained health services there (32). Just before then, the city experienced a relatively large dengue epidemic in December 2019 through March 2020 (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of COVID-19 mitigation on dengue virus transmission: a modelling study

España

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has induced unprecedented reductions in human mobility and social contacts throughout the world. Because dengue virus (DENV) transmission is strongly driven by human mobility, behavioral changes associated with the pandemic have been hypothesized to impact dengue incidence. By discouraging human contact, COVID-19 control measures have also disrupted dengue vector control interventions, the most effective of which require entry into homes.MethodWe used an agent-based model with a realistic treatment of human mobility and vector control to investigate how and why dengue incidence could differ under a lockdown scenario with a proportion of the population sheltered at home.ResultWe found that a lockdown in which 70% of the population sheltered at home led to a small average increase in cumulative DENV infections of up to 10%, depending on the time of year lockdown occurred. Lockdown had a more pronounced effect on the spatial distribution of DENV infections, with higher incidence under lockdown in regions with high mosquito abundance. Transmission was also more focused in homes following lockdown. The proportion of people infected in their own home rose from 54% under normal conditions to 66% under lockdown, and the household secondary attack rate rose from 0.109 to 0.128, a 17% increase. When we considered that lockdown measures could disrupt regular, city-wide vector control campaigns, the increase in incidence was more pronounced than with lockdown alone, especially if lockdown occurred at the optimal time for vector control.DiscussionOur results indicate that an unintended outcome of COVID-19 control measures may be to adversely alter the epidemiology of dengue. This observation has important implications for an improved understanding of dengue epidemiology and effective application of dengue vector control. When coordinating public health responses during a syndemic, it is important to monitor multiple infections and understand that an intervention against one disease may exacerbate another.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of COVID-19 mitigation on dengue virus transmission: a modelling study

España

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The country, with almost 300,000 positive cases, 10,045 deaths, and an estimated average case fatality rate of 3.44% according to the MINSA reports at Julio 1 [ 44 ], has rapidly climbed positions to reach seventh place worldwide and second in the region after from Brazil in confirmed COVID-19 cases. This situation has occurred despite the fact that the Peruvian government has implemented—although with questionable adherence—several radical and aggressive political measures to mitigate the epidemic [ 5 ]. However, knowing the social and economic structural problems in Peruvian society is highly relevant to understand the population response and epidemic distribution.…”

Section: Decrease Of Staff Specialised In Cancer Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it had questionable adherence, the Peruvian lockdown which lasted more than 120 days was one of the longest and strictest in Latin America. During this time, most institutions in the Peruvian healthcare system (PHS) focused their efforts on COVID-19 [ 5 ]. This situation has meant a subsequent reduction in the range of health services available for other illnesses and health conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer disease progression and death during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multidisciplinary analysis for the Peruvian setting

Astigueta¹,

Abad-Licham²,

Chávez-Chirinos³

et al. 2020

ecancer

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Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in China in late 2019, infection from the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread virtually worldwide. This infection has adversely affected several countries; governments have outlined a series of political measures aimed to preserve the health and safety of their populations. In Peru, most actions have prioritised COVID-19 attention, with a subsequent gap in the healthcare facilities needed for other diseases. Cancer, one principal cause of death in the country, is usually diagnosed late. Moreover, in the pandemic context, the prevention and control of cancer have been negatively affected. Therefore, we carried out a multidisciplinary analysis using the Ishikawa diagram to identify the probable factors that contribute to cancer progression and deaths in Peru.

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“…Triangulation of our data with official case and death counts of the health ministry suggests substantial under-reporting, as observed elsewhere. 25 Official statistics captured seven confirmed cases for Saquena and Parinari until the end of June 2020 39 while multiple confirmed cases were reported by 13 communities in the same period. Fifteen COVID-19-related deaths were reported by contacted communities in Nauta; however, only three deaths for the entire district of Nauta, including the capital with a population of about 20 000 inhabitants, appeared in official statistics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous communities’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and consequences for maternal and neonatal health in remote Peruvian Amazon: a qualitative study based on routine programme supervision

et al. 2020

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AimTo explore indigenous communities’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for maternal and neonatal health (MNH) care in the Peruvian Amazon.MethodsMamás del Río is a community-based, MNH programme with comprehensive supervision covering monthly meetings with community health workers (CHW), community leaders and health facilities. With the onset of the lockdown, supervisors made telephone calls to discuss measures against COVID-19, governmental support, CHW activities in communities and provision of MNH care and COVID-19 preparedness at facilities. As part of the programme’s ongoing mixed methods evaluation, we analysed written summaries of supervisor calls collected during the first 2 months of Peru’s lockdown.ResultsBetween March and May 2020, supervisors held two rounds of calls with CHWs and leaders of 68 communities and staff from 17 facilities. Most communities banned entry of foreigners, but about half tolerated residents travelling to regional towns for trade and social support. While social events were forbidden, strict home isolation was only practised in a third of communities as conflicting with daily routine. By the end of April, first clusters of suspected cases were reported in communities. COVID-19 test kits, training and medical face masks were not available in most rural facilities. Six out of seven facilities suspended routine antenatal and postnatal consultations while two-thirds of CHWs resumed home visits to pregnant women and newborns.ConclusionsHome isolation was hardly feasible in the rural Amazon context and community isolation was undermined by lack of external supplies and social support. With sustained community transmission, promotion of basic hygiene and mask use becomes essential. To avoid devastating effects on MNH, routine services at facilities need to be urgently re-established alongside COVID-19 preparedness plans. Community-based MNH programmes could offset detrimental indirect effects of the pandemic and provide an opportunity for local COVID-19 prevention and containment.

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COVID-19 strains remote regions of Peru

Abstract: COVID-19 strains remote regions of PeruThe health system in Iquitos is stretched and the true number of COVID-19 cases and deaths is unclear. Barbara Fraser reports from Lima.

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

The impacts of COVID-19 mitigation on dengue virus transmission: a modelling study

The impacts of COVID-19 mitigation on dengue virus transmission: a modelling study

Cancer disease progression and death during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multidisciplinary analysis for the Peruvian setting

Indigenous communities’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and consequences for maternal and neonatal health in remote Peruvian Amazon: a qualitative study based on routine programme supervision

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