COVID-19 triggered systemic lupus erythematosus in a child: a case report

Maram, Krishna Prasad; Paturi, Venkata Rama Rao; Alla, Lalitha Sudha; Bhagavatula, Murali Krishna

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20212494

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Recently, a case of SLE occurring 1 month after mild COVID‐19 infection has been reported in the USA (2022) 13 . Krishna et al have reported a case of SLE in a child after COVID infection 14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Krishna et al have reported a case of SLE in a child after COVID infection. 14 Patients who are critically ill from COVID-19 infection have in- In one such systemic review of 52 studies, it was found that SLE patients are prone to COVID on the account of aberrant immune response inherent to the disease and frequent use of immune suppressants. Hydroxychloroquine was ineffective in the prevention of COVID.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Targets Cells Expressing Angiotensin-converting E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoimmune diseases post‐COVID 19 infection in children in intensive care unit: A case series

2023

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SARS‐CoV2 primarily affects the respiratory system but a hyperinflammatory response leading to multisystem inflammatory syndrome – children (MIS‐C), immune dysfunction and various autoimmune manifestations has also been noted. Autoimmunity depends on various factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, immune dysregulation and infections acting as triggers like Epstein‐Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B. Molecular mimicry, bystander T‐cell activation and persistence of viral infection are the main mechanisms behind these manifestations. We present here 3 cases of newly diagnosed connective tissue disease with high titers of COVID19 immunoglobulin G antibody in children. A 9‐year‐old girl with fever, oliguria and malar rash (prior history of sore throat) and a 10‐year‐old girl with fever for 2 weeks and choreoathetoid movements were diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) nephritis (stage 4) and neuropsychiatric SLE, respectively as per European League Against Rheumatism / American College of Rheumatology 2019 criteria. An 8‐year‐old girl with fever, joint pain and respiratory distress (a recent contact with a positive COVID19 patient) presented with altered sensorium, Raynaud's phenomenon noted, and eventually diagnosed as mixed connective tissue disease as per Kusukawa criteria. The immune‐mediated manifestations post‐COVID infection are a de‐novo phenomenon which necessitates further workup as not many studies exist in the pediatric population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sars-cov-2 Targets Cells Expressing Angiotensin-converting E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune diseases post‐COVID 19 infection in children in intensive care unit: A case series

2023

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A New Case of Paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Onset after SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein-Barr Infection—A Case Report and Literature Review

Petrea (Cliveți),

Ciortea,

Miulescu

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Viral infections caused by exposure to viruses such as Epstein–Barr, cytomegalovirus, or Parvovirus B19 have always been considered predisposing environmental factors for the onset of autoimmune diseases. More recently, autoimmune mechanisms such as molecular mimicry, T-cell activation, transient immunosuppression and inflammation have also been observed in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several newly diagnosed autoimmune disorders have been reported post-COVID-19, such as COVID-19-associated multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), type 1 diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, or rheumatoid arthritis. In this article, we present a new case of paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with haematological (macrophage activation syndrome), renal (stage 2), cutaneous (urticarial vasculitis) and digestive involvement, onset three and a half months post-COVID-19. In the dynamics, de novo infection generated by Epstein–Barr exposure was associated. The diagnosis was confirmed based on EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria. The aim of the article is to present a possible correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein–Barr as extrinsic factors in triggering or activating paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Keywords: paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus; post-COVID-19; Epstein–Barr; SARS- CoV-2; case report; paediatric patient.

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Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematous in COVID-19 Era

Lupu

Miron

Gavrilovici

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disorder with a highly variable course and prognosis. It results in functional abnormalities in the immune system due to intrinsic factors and the use of immunosuppressive therapies associated with underlying comorbidities seem to increase the risk of severe COVID-19 and poor outcomes of the disease in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The aim of this review is to obtain a better understanding of the existing link between this new viral infection and pediatric lupus. We have analyzed the characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of pediatric SLE following COVID-19 which have been reported in the literature and which describe the impact that COVID-19 has on patients already suffering with pediatric SLE.

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COVID-19 triggered systemic lupus erythematosus in a child: a case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Autoimmune diseases post‐COVID 19 infection in children in intensive care unit: A case series

Autoimmune diseases post‐COVID 19 infection in children in intensive care unit: A case series

A New Case of Paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Onset after SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein-Barr Infection—A Case Report and Literature Review

Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematous in COVID-19 Era

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