COVID‐19 under spotlight: A close look at the origin, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of the 2019‐nCoV disease

Background Appendectomy for acute appendicitis remains one of the most common surgical procedures. This study aims to assess the clinical presentation and delays in diagnosing acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We evaluated data of all adult patients who underwent an appendectomy at our hospital between June 1, 2019 and June 1, 2020. Demographic data, admission type to the emergency room, radiological findings, pathological findings, and hospitalization time were noted. Patients were divided into four groups of 3-month periods, pre (Groups 5, 4, 3, 2) and during the pandemic (Group 1). Hospitalization time and perforation status of each group were compared. The hospital admission type and their effect on perforation were also evaluated. Results Two hundred and fourteen patients were included; 135 patients were male, and 57 were female. The median age was 39 years. In Group 1 (pandemic period), 28.8% of patients were referred to us from pandemic hospitals. The median hospitalization time was 7.3 h before pandemics (Group 2–5), 5 h in the pandemic period (Group 1). Perforation rates were 27.8% in Group 1, 23.3% in Group 2, 16.3% in Group 3, 14.0% in Group 4, and 18.6% in Group 5 (0 = 0.58). There was no difference in the patients in Group 1 in the rate of perforated appendicitis in patients who were referred from other pandemic hospitals (29.4) and those admitted via our own emergency room (16.6%) ( p = 0.27) during the pandemic period. Conclusion We did not observe any clear increase in the diagnosis of perforated appendicitis during the pandemic period, even in patients who were transferred from other hospitals.

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“…In December 2019, a cluster of insidious coronavirus infections was reported in Wuhan, China, and the disease was named COVID-19 [ 8 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did the COVID‐19 Pandemic Cause a Delay in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis?

Turanlı

Kızıltan

2020

World j. surg.

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“…The multi-state Markov model can be classified into four kinds of modes: time and state continuous; time and state discrete; time discrete and state continuous; and time continuous and state discrete. The choice of a specific model depends on specific circumstances and professional judgment [12] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of COVID-19 epidemic and clinical risk factors of patients under epidemiological Markov model

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Bi³

et al. 2021

Results in Physics

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Objective It aimed to analyze the epidemic situation of new coronary pneumonia (COVID-19) based on the epidemiological Markov model, and to study the clinical risk factors of the patients based on the patient’s cardinal data and clinical symptoms. Methods A total of 500 patients with COVID-19 diagnosed by nucleic acid testing in the X hospital from January 2020 to May 2020 were collected. According to the severity of the disease, they were classified into general group (200 cases) and acute critical group (300 cases). Markov model to predict the number of COVID-19 infections was constructed. Patient’s general information, clinical characteristics, and prevention methods were analyzed. Results According to Markov model statistics, the developmental expected stay time of patients infected with COVID-19 was 14 days. 2. The two groups of patients had statistically considerable differences in complications such as gender, age, hypertension, coronary heart disease, shortness of breath, myocardial damage, and thrombocytopenia ( P < 0.05). 3. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the clinical risk factors for patients with COVID-19 mainly included the patient’s gender, age, whether they were associated with hypertension, coronary heart disease, shortness of breath, myocardial damage, and thrombocytopenia. Conclusion Markov model can be utilized to judge the time course of the COVID-19 in various development states. In addition, the COVID-19 spread rapidly and is extremely harmful. Clinically, through active prevention, the treatment effect can be improved, the patient’s respiratory function, and the quality of life can also be improved.

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“…One week later, on January 7, 2020, the identification of a novel coronavirus was announced, and on January 12, the genome sequence was made publically available. 6 At that point, 41 cases had been reported, and one death. The next day, January 13, the first reported case outside of China was diagnosed, occurring in a traveler from Wuhan who flew to Bangkok, Thailand, but had not had direct exposure to the Huanan Seafood Market.…”

Section: Early Beginnings and Subsequent Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Based on the substantial early relationship between the Huanan Seafood Market and the subsequent disease outbreak, the virus, then known as HCoV-19, was postulated to have arisen zoonotically, and been transmitted from the denizens of the market to a human host. 6 The market was closed on January 1-however, it is not yet fully clear whether the market was the true origin of the outbreak or simply accelerated its spread. Of the initial 41 patients, 14 did not have direct exposure to the market.…”

Section: Early Beginnings and Subsequent Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Clinical Overview and Primer

Knight

2020

Biopreservation and Biobanking

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, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused what rapidly became a global pandemic. The precise origin and subsequent path of transmission have not yet been established-but like the other novel coronaviruses that it closely resembles, it appears to have evolved naturally in a bat host. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), ranges from asymptomatic, to mild self-limited illness, to progressive pneumonia, respiratory compromise, multiorgan failure, and death. In addition, a hyperinflammatory disease state occurs in a subset of patients, and may be seen either during acute infection or following recovery. The search for effective pharmacological management of COVID-19 continues, but several promising candidates have been identified, including the viral nucleoside analog remdesivir. However, despite the existence of literally thousands of clinical trials, the management of COVID-19 remains challenging, and the development of an optimal, evidence-based therapeutic approach is ongoing. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 on the biobanking world is evolving and profound-in particular, it is likely that many of mysteries surrounding COVID-19 will be solved via the availability of high-quality, large-scale collection, storage, and analysis of patient specimens. The purpose of this review article is therefore to provide a rapid, comprehensive, and relevant overview and primer on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, with attention to the epidemiology, virology, transmission, clinical features, and major therapeutic options currently existent.

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COVID‐19 under spotlight: A close look at the origin, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of the 2019‐nCoV disease

Cited by 62 publications

References 95 publications

Did the COVID‐19 Pandemic Cause a Delay in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis?

Did the COVID‐19 Pandemic Cause a Delay in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis?

Analysis of COVID-19 epidemic and clinical risk factors of patients under epidemiological Markov model

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Clinical Overview and Primer

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