COVID-19, Urbanization Pattern and Economic Recovery: An Analysis of Hubei, China

Abstract

In the context of the rapid development of urbanization and increasing population mobility in China, the outbreak of COVID-19 has had a significant impact on China’s economy and society. This article uses China UnionPay transaction data and takes Hubei, the worst-hit region by COVID-19 in China, as an example, to conduct empirical analysis using the generalized method of moments (GMM) of the impact of current urbanization patterns on the spread of the epidemic and economic recovery from the perspectives of time, industry, and regional differences. The study found that during the different stages of COVID-19, including discovery, outbreak, and subsidence, the overall impact of urbanization on the economy in Hubei Province was first positive, then became negative, and finally gradually increased. This process had significant industrial and urban heterogeneity, which was mainly manifested in losses in tourism and catering industries that were significantly greater than those in the audio-visual entertainment and digital office industries. Similarly, the recovery speed of large cities was lower than that of small and medium-sized cities. The main reason for these differences is that the one-sided problem of urbanization is more obvious in areas with higher urbanization rates. COVID-19 has drawn attention to the development of urbanization in the future, that is, the development path of one-sided economic resource agglomeration and scale expansion should be abandoned, with greater attention paid to the improvement of service functions and the development of amenities. This transformation is necessary to enhance urban economic resilience and reduce public health risks.

Half-hearted policies on mobility restrictions during COVID-19 in Indonesia: A portrait of large informal economy country

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Spatial Pattern Analysis of Xinjiang Tourism Resources Based on Electronic Map Points of Interest

“…Many tourists are choosing not to travel, but many who still wish to travel must abide by the travel restrictions of their country. Yang et al [32] showed that the tourism and restaurant industries suffered more losses than the entertainment and digital office industries and that there were different stages of virus transmission such as outbreak and fading. In Xinjiang, which is the largest province in China in terms of area, people have been avoiding long traveling to prevent virus transmission, so a local trip has become a good choice.…”

“…The factors influencing the spatial distribution of different categories of tourist resources in Xinjiang are divided into natural geographic factors and socio-economic factors [32]. The natural geographic factors provide the basis for the formation and development of various categories of tourist attractions.…”

Análisis comparativo de los casos confirmados y defunciones por Covid-19 en la población de tres zonas metropolitanas de México

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