COVID-19 Vaccination Status, Attitudes, and Values among US Adults in September 2021

Dudley, Matthew Z.; Schwartz, Benjamin; Brewer, Janesse; Kan, Lilly; Bernier, Roger H.; Gerber, Jennifer E.; Ni, Haley Budigan; Proveaux, Tina M.; Rimal, Rajiv N.; Salmon, Daniel A.

doi:10.3390/jcm11133734

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Across all models presented, political affiliation, namely the percentage of voters who voted for Donald Trump in the 2020 presidential election, has the strongest association with COVID-19 unvaccinated percentage in the U.S. This result is consistent with previous studies at the individual level 34 , 35 and at the population level 9 , 10 , 15 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A population level study on the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination rates at the U.S. county level

Dong,

Nixon,

Gardner

2024

Sci Rep

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Multiple COVID-19 vaccines were proven to be safe and effective in curbing severe illness, but despite vaccine availability, vaccination rates were relatively low in the United States (U.S.). To better understand factors associated with low COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the U.S., our study provides a comprehensive, data-driven population-level statistical analysis at the county level. We find that political affiliation, as determined by the proportion of votes received by the Republican candidate in the 2020 presidential election, has the strongest association with our response variable, the percent of the population that received no COVID-19 vaccine. The next strongest association was median household income, which has a negative association. The percentage of Black people and the average number of vehicles per household are positively associated with the percent unvaccinated. In contrast, COVID-19 infection rate, percentage of Latinx people, postsecondary education percentage, median age, and prior non-COVID-19 childhood vaccination coverage are negatively associated with percent unvaccinated. Unlike previous studies, we do not find significant relationships between cable TV news viewership or Twitter misinformation variables with COVID-19 vaccine uptake. These results shed light on some factors that may impact vaccination choice in the U.S. and can be used to target specific populations for educational outreach and vaccine campaign strategies in efforts to increase vaccination uptake.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A population level study on the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination rates at the U.S. county level

Dong,

Nixon,

Gardner

2024

Sci Rep

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“…Even though our survey was large and tested many pieces of animation using standardized usability outcomes, we were inadequately powered to identify small differences in usability between animations and doing so would require an extraordinarily large study. While Ipsos panels are nationally representative and have provided similar estimates for COVID-19 vaccine coverage as other sources such as the CDC (11), there is still the potential for selection bias, though the sampling strategy and use of demographic stratum should reduce this potential bias.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, educational efforts aimed at increasing vaccine uptake to control the spread of COVID-19 have been hampered by substantial proportions of the population questioning the need for and benefits of vaccination, along with a wide range of concerns including vaccines' speed of development and safety. Vaccine acceptance and concerns have varied by political affiliation (prioritization of personal liberties vs. community good), trust in public health authorities (government response), and many socio-demographic factors, such as race/ethnicity, age, education (10,11). Vaccine equity concerns have also been prominent especially because of the disproportionate impact of disease in historically underserved and vulnerable populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LetsTalkShots: personalized vaccine risk communication

Salmon,

Dudley,

Brewer

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionVaccine hesitancy is a global health threat undermining control of many vaccine-preventable diseases. Patient-level education has largely been ineffective in reducing vaccine concerns and increasing vaccine uptake. We built and evaluated a personalized vaccine risk communication website called LetsTalkShots in English, Spanish and French (Canadian) for vaccines across the lifespan. LetsTalkShots tailors lived experiences, credible sources and informational animations to disseminate the right message from the right messenger to the right person, applying a broad range of behavioral theories.MethodsWe used mixed-methods research to test our animation and some aspects of credible sources and personal narratives. We conducted 67 discussion groups (n = 325 persons), stratified by race/ethnicity (African American, Hispanic, and White people) and population (e.g., parents, pregnant women, adolescents, younger adults, and older adults). Using a large Ipsos survey among English-speaking respondents (n = 2,272), we tested animations aligned with vaccine concerns and specific to population (e.g., parents of children, parents of adolescents, younger adults, older adults).ResultsDiscussion groups provided robust feedback specific to each animation as well as areas for improvements across animations. Most respondents indicated that the information presented was interesting (85.5%), clear (96.0%), helpful (87.0%), and trustworthy (82.2%).DiscussionTailored vaccine risk communication can assist decision makers as they consider vaccination for themselves, their families, and their communities. LetsTalkShots presents a model for personalized communication in other areas of medicine and public health.

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“…Three recent surveys in mainland China and Hong Kong found the direct relationship was 0.30 (Lin et al, 2020), 0.17 (Wang, 2022), and 0.06 (Wong et al, 2021). Dudley et al (2022) found that perceived susceptibility (i.e., COVID infection rate in my community), perceived severity, and effectiveness of COVID vaccines were positively associated with intent to get vaccinated among U.S. adults. Because of the cumulative evidence, a hypothesis is proposed.…”

Section: Health Belief Modelmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…At the micro-level, the lack of parental consent is a crucial barrier to vaccinating children (Diekema, 2012). Several factors contribute to parental consent (or lack of), including concerns about safety (Dudley et al, 2022), benefits of getting vaccinated (Hammershaimb et al, 2022), perceived risks of a disease (e.g., COVID-19) on children (Hammershaimb et al, 2022; Dudley et al, 2022), and emotions about getting vaccinated (Brewer, DeFrank & Gilkey, 2016). In addition, parents’ value orientations and previous vaccination experience may influence their willingness to vaccinate their children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Collectivism and Liberty in Parents’ Risk Perceptions, Anticipated Guilt, and Intentions to Vaccinate Their Children Against COVID-19

Wang

2023

Social Marketing Quarterly

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Background The Federal Drug Administration authorized Pfizer’s vaccine for emergency use among children aged 5–11 in the United States. Parents decide whether to vaccinate their children. Focus of the Article Guided by the health belief model, this research examined the factors associated with U.S. parents’ intentions to vaccinate their children aged 5–11 against COVID-19. It also investigated the role of liberty and collectivist values in parents’ intentions to vaccinate their children. Methods An online survey was conducted in November and December 2021, shortly after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorized Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine for use among children ages 5–11. Results Structural equation modeling analysis of 571 parents’ responses showed that parents’ perceptions of their children’s susceptibility to COVID-19, perceived efficacy of the vaccine, and their anticipated guilt for not vaccinating their children predicted their intentions to vaccinate their children. In addition, collectivist value orientations had strong and positive associations with perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and anticipated guilt. In contrast, libertarian value orientations negatively predicted these three variables with moderate effect sizes. Recommendations For future vaccination campaigns (e.g., COVID-19, influenza, or another emergent infectious disease), social marketing practitioners should first understand the role of perceived risks of a disease and the benefits and side effects of the vaccines based on formative research. Individuals, social groups, or regions with high libertarian or low collectivist value orientations may require different strategies (e.g., getting vaccinated may help you live more freely).

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COVID-19 Vaccination Status, Attitudes, and Values among US Adults in September 2021

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

A population level study on the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination rates at the U.S. county level

A population level study on the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination rates at the U.S. county level

LetsTalkShots: personalized vaccine risk communication

The Role of Collectivism and Liberty in Parents’ Risk Perceptions, Anticipated Guilt, and Intentions to Vaccinate Their Children Against COVID-19

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