“…After the screening process, 39 articles were considered pertinent for potential inclusion and the full texts were retrieved. Finally, 29 articles [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [10] , [15] , [17] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Huang et al, 2022; Jacobs et al, 2022; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Reschini et al, 2022; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022; Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022; Wesselink et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022)were included in the systematic review and 20 articles [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [7] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Huang et al, 2022; Jacobs et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Reschini et al, 2022; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022; Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022) in the meta-analysis ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1 Flowchart of the screening and selection process …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After the selection process, 29 studies were included ( Figure 1 ): 10 (34.5%) were conducted in Israel [4] , [6] , [7] , [8] ; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022), 7 (24.1%) in the USA [2] , [3] , [10] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Jacobs et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021), 6 (20.7%) in Russia [1] , [15] , [17] , [18] , [20] ; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021), 3 (10.3%) in China(Huang et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022), 1 (3.5%) in Italy (Reschini et al, 2022), 1 (3.5%) in North-America (Canada and USA)(Wesselink et al, 2022) and 1 (3.5%) in Turkey (Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 16 studies from Israel and USA [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [10] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022) , as well as the study from Turkey (Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022), the vaccines investigated were the two mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (respectively, known as Pfizer and Moderna); the 6 studies from Russia (20.7%) [1] , [15] , [17] , [18] , [20] ; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021) investigated the adenovirus-vector vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac (also known as Sputnik V); 3 studies from China (10.3%) (Huang et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022) investigated the inactivated vaccine (Sinopharm or Sinovac). In the other 3 studies from Italy, North America and USA, several vaccines were analysed (mRNA and viral vector based) (Jacobs et al, 2022; Reschini et al, 2022; Wesselink et al, 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In total, 15 studies (51.7%) were conducted on female population [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [8] , [15] , [17] ; Huang et al, 2022; Jacobs et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022; Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022), 11 studies (37.9%) on males [1] , [7] , [10] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Reschini et al, 2022; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022) and 3 studies (10.3%) included both populations(Orvieto et al, 2021; Wesselink et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 studies from Russia [15] , [17] , 1 from Turkey (Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022) and 1 from Israel (Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022) were conducted on healthy women (10.3%). As for the studies on males, 7 were conducted on healthy men [1] , [7] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022), 1 on two comparative groups of healthy and unhealthy men(Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021), 2 on men undergoing IVG or assisted reproduction technology (ART) technology(Reschini et al, 2022; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022), and 1 on men from a big database [10] .…”
“…After the screening process, 39 articles were considered pertinent for potential inclusion and the full texts were retrieved. Finally, 29 articles [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [10] , [15] , [17] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Huang et al, 2022; Jacobs et al, 2022; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Reschini et al, 2022; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022; Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022; Wesselink et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022)were included in the systematic review and 20 articles [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [7] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Huang et al, 2022; Jacobs et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Reschini et al, 2022; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022; Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022) in the meta-analysis ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1 Flowchart of the screening and selection process …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After the selection process, 29 studies were included ( Figure 1 ): 10 (34.5%) were conducted in Israel [4] , [6] , [7] , [8] ; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022), 7 (24.1%) in the USA [2] , [3] , [10] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Jacobs et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021), 6 (20.7%) in Russia [1] , [15] , [17] , [18] , [20] ; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021), 3 (10.3%) in China(Huang et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022), 1 (3.5%) in Italy (Reschini et al, 2022), 1 (3.5%) in North-America (Canada and USA)(Wesselink et al, 2022) and 1 (3.5%) in Turkey (Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 16 studies from Israel and USA [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [10] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Orvieto et al, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022) , as well as the study from Turkey (Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022), the vaccines investigated were the two mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (respectively, known as Pfizer and Moderna); the 6 studies from Russia (20.7%) [1] , [15] , [17] , [18] , [20] ; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021) investigated the adenovirus-vector vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac (also known as Sputnik V); 3 studies from China (10.3%) (Huang et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022) investigated the inactivated vaccine (Sinopharm or Sinovac). In the other 3 studies from Italy, North America and USA, several vaccines were analysed (mRNA and viral vector based) (Jacobs et al, 2022; Reschini et al, 2022; Wesselink et al, 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In total, 15 studies (51.7%) were conducted on female population [2] , [3] , [4] , [6] , [8] , [15] , [17] ; Huang et al, 2022; Jacobs et al, 2022; Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022; Morris, 2021; Morris et al, 2021; Odeh‐Natour et al, 2022; Safrai, Kremer, et al, 2022; Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022), 11 studies (37.9%) on males [1] , [7] , [10] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Reschini et al, 2022; Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022) and 3 studies (10.3%) included both populations(Orvieto et al, 2021; Wesselink et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 studies from Russia [15] , [17] , 1 from Turkey (Soysal & Yılmaz, 2022) and 1 from Israel (Mohr-Sasson et al, 2022) were conducted on healthy women (10.3%). As for the studies on males, 7 were conducted on healthy men [1] , [7] , [18] , [20] ; Gonzalez et al, 2021; Lifshitz et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022), 1 on two comparative groups of healthy and unhealthy men(Rozhivanov & Mokrysheva, 2021), 2 on men undergoing IVG or assisted reproduction technology (ART) technology(Reschini et al, 2022; Safrai, Herzberg, et al, 2022), and 1 on men from a big database [10] .…”
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination on semen parameters through systematic review and meta‐analysis. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched by June 2022. Studies were considered eligible if they compared semen parameters before and after COVID‐19 vaccination or between vaccinated and unvaccinated men, with no restrictions on vaccine types or doses. The effect size was calculated as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random‐effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the sources of heterogeneity measured by the I2 statistic, with publication bias evaluated by Egger's test. Twelve cohort studies involving 914 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In a comparison of vaccinated versus unvaccinated group, the pooled data revealed no significant differences in semen volume (MD = 0.18 ml, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.38), sperm concentration (MD = 1.16 million/ml, 95% CI −1.34 to 3.66), total sperm motility (MD = −0.14%, 95% CI −2.84 to 2.56), progressive sperm motility (MD = −1.06%, 95% CI −2.88 to 0.77), total sperm count (MD = 5.92 million, 95% CI −10.22 to 22.05), total motile sperm count (MD = 2.18 million, 95% CI −1.28 to 5.63), total progressively motile sperm count (MD = −3.87 million, 95% CI −13.16 to 5.43), and sperm morphology (MD = 0.07%, 95% CI −0.84 to 0.97). The results also remained similar across messenger ribonucleic acid, viral‐vector, and inactivated COVID‐19 vaccines. Sensitivity analysis identified two individual studies that contributed to heterogeneity, while the effect size was not materially altered. No obvious publication bias was detected among included studies. Our finding suggested that COVID‐19 vaccination had no detrimental impact on semen quality, which could be potentially helpful to reduce male vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccination coverage.
Numerous studies have revealed severe damage to male fertility from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, raising concerns about the potential adverse impact on reproductive function of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine developed based on the virus. Interestingly, there are several researchers who have studied the impact of the COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine since then but have come up with conflicting results. As a near‐ideal candidate for mass immunization programs, inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine has been widely used in many countries, particularly in less wealthy nations. However, little is known about its effect on male fertility. Here, we conducted a retrospective cohort study at a single large center for reproductive medicine in China between December 2021 and August 2022. Five hundred and nineteen fertile men with no history of laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 were included and categorized into four groups based on their vaccination status: unvaccinated group (n = 168), one‐dose vaccinated group (n = 8), fully vaccinated group (n = 183), and booster group (n = 160). All of them underwent a semen analysis and most had serum sex hormone levels tested. There were no significant differences in all semen parameters and sex hormone levels between the unvaccinated group and either vaccinated group. To account for possible vaccination‐to‐test interval‐specific changes, sub‐analyses were performed for two interval groups: ≤90 and >90 days. As expected, most of the semen parameters and sex hormone levels remained unchanged between the control and vaccinated groups. However, participants in vaccinated group (≤90 days) have decreased total sperm motility and increased follicle‐stimulating hormone level compared with the ones in unvaccinated group. Moreover, some trends similar to those found during COVID‐19 infection and recovery were observed in our study. Fortunately, all values are within the normal range. In addition, vaccinated participants reported few adverse reactions. No special medical intervention was required, and no serious adverse reactions happened. Our study suggests that inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination does not impair male fertility, possibly due to the low frequency of adverse effects. This information reassures young male population who got this vaccine worldwide, and helps guide future vaccination efforts.
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