COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and its Reasons in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aim: This study aimed at assessing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, adverse events after immunization, and associated factors among the general population during the early phase of the COVID-19 vaccination program in Ethiopia.Subjects and Methods: We conducted a national online survey among 853 Ethiopian general population between June 19 and July 31, 2021, in three languages that included Amharic, Afan Oromo and English.Responses obtained from Google Forms were downloaded in excel formats, ltered, coded, exported, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with the outcome variables and p<0.05 was used as the cut-off point to declare the signi cance of the association. This study was approved by the Ethical Review

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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, adverse events following immunization, and associated factors among the Ethiopian general population during the early phase of the COVID-19 vaccination program

Tadesse

Endale

Amare

et al. 2023

J Public Health (Berl.)

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Vaccine hesitancy in context of COVID-19 in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Alie,

Abebe,

Negesse

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Understanding the COVID-19 vaccine uptake, acceptance, and hesitancy in Ethiopia and Tanzania: a scoping review

Gudina,

Muro,

Kyala

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe development and implementation of COVID-19 vaccines have been a breakthrough in controlling the pandemic. However, the vaccination coverage in most low-income countries remains very low due to critical vaccine shortage and profound hesitancy. In this scoping review, we aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake, acceptance, and hesitancy in Ethiopia and Tanzania.MethodsThe search was made in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. Only original research articles focusing on vaccine acceptance and hesitancy were included. The studies selected for a full read were analysed using a thematic analysis approach.FindingsA total of 76 articles were included in the study, with 74 of them coming from Ethiopia. The study found an increasing trend in vaccine uptake over time. However, there was also an increase in hesitancy and a decline in willingness to receive the vaccine. The willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in Ethiopia ranged from 18.5 to 88%. The main reasons for "vaccine hesitancy" included fear of side effects, concerns about long-term safety, doubts about vaccine effectiveness, lack of information, vaccine fast-tracking, and religious beliefs. The study also found that younger individuals, females, and pregnant women were less willing to receive the vaccine. The adverse events reported among vaccinated individuals were mostly mild. Most of the studies operationalised vaccine acceptance-hesitancy as dichotomous variables. However, the historical, political, and socio-cultural context in which vaccine acceptance and hesitancy occur was not given any attention. While there is a good amount of data from Ethiopia describing patterns of vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among different populations over time, there is limited information from Tanzania due to the late arrival of the vaccine and limited published articles.ConclusionWe have observed a paradox involving two seemingly conflicting trends: an increase in vaccination rates/coverage and "anti-vax." Most studies have simplified vaccine acceptance-hesitancy as an “either-or” incident, without considering its dynamic nature and occurrence within a broader political, social, and cultural context. Therefore, it is crucial to explore approaches that can enhance our understanding of the vaccine acceptance-hesitancy phenomenon, in order to improve vaccine trust and uptake.

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and its Reasons in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, adverse events following immunization, and associated factors among the Ethiopian general population during the early phase of the COVID-19 vaccination program

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, adverse events following immunization, and associated factors among the Ethiopian general population during the early phase of the COVID-19 vaccination program

Vaccine hesitancy in context of COVID-19 in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Understanding the COVID-19 vaccine uptake, acceptance, and hesitancy in Ethiopia and Tanzania: a scoping review

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