COVID-associated cystitis: the culprit behind the bladder woes post-COVID infection? A review

Dhawan, Ananya; Ganduboina, Rohit; Dutta, Palak; Gandrakota, Gayathri; Kumar, Yashaank; Palagati, Keerthi; Avvaru, Sai Nithin; Sreekumar, Arjun; Mylavarapu, Suchita; Nizami, Afshan; Babu, Alexis T.; Alam, Mahboob

doi:10.1007/s11255-023-03700-3

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…The typical clinical symptoms of this disease include fever, dry cough, and fatigue, along with chills, headaches, sore throats, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing 39 . Remarkably, some patients manifest additional symptoms, including urgency, frequency, nocturia, and hematuria, contributing to elevated mortality rates of up to 25% 40 . Researches have demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, and severe cases of COVID-19 often exhibit disruptions in the immune system 41 , 42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of shared pathogenetic mechanisms between COVID-19 and IC through bioinformatics and system biology

Sun,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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COVID-19 increased global mortality in 2019. Cystitis became a contributing factor in SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 complications. The complex molecular links between cystitis and COVID-19 are unclear. This study investigates COVID-19-associated cystitis (CAC) molecular mechanisms and drug candidates using bioinformatics and systems biology. Obtain the gene expression profiles of IC (GSE11783) and COVID-19 (GSE147507) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Identified the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both IC and COVID-19, and extracted a number of key genes from this group. Subsequently, conduct Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis on the DEGs. Additionally, design a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, a transcription factor gene regulatory network, a TF miRNA regulatory network, and a gene disease association network using the DEGs. Identify and extract hub genes from the PPI network. Then construct Nomogram diagnostic prediction models based on the hub genes. The DSigDB database was used to forecast many potential molecular medicines that are associated with common DEGs. Assess the precision of hub genes and Nomogram models in diagnosing IC and COVID-19 by employing Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. The IC dataset (GSE57560) and the COVID-19 dataset (GSE171110) were selected to validate the models' diagnostic accuracy. A grand total of 198 DEGs that overlapped were found and chosen for further research. FCER1G, ITGAM, LCP2, LILRB2, MNDA, SPI1, and TYROBP were screened as the hub genes. The Nomogram model, built using the seven hub genes, demonstrates significant utility as a diagnostic prediction model for both IC and COVID-19. Multiple potential molecular medicines associated with common DEGs have been discovered. These pathways, hub genes, and models may provide new perspectives for future research into mechanisms and guide personalised and effective therapeutics for IC patients infected with COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of shared pathogenetic mechanisms between COVID-19 and IC through bioinformatics and system biology

Sun,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Prolonged impacts of COVID-19-associated cystitis: A study on long-term consequences

Wittenberg,

Vercnocke,

Chancellor

et al. 2023

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus is an international health concern with substantial morbidity and mortality. COVID-associated cystitis (CAC), presents as new onset or exacerbated urinary symptoms, resembling overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. AIM To examines the long-term outcomes of patients with CAC in the context of Long COVID. METHODS A cohort of 350 patients admitted to Detroit Hospitals with COVID-19 between May and December 2020, displaying CAC symptoms following discharge, was prospectively followed. Initial urologic evaluations occurred at 10-14 wk and were repeated at 21-28 mo post-discharge. Symptoms were managed conservatively, employing behavioral modifications and standard OAB medications. Participants completed surveys assessing urinary symptoms and quality of life (QoL) at both time points. The primary outcome was the Urology Care Foundation Overactive Bladder Assessment Tool. RESULTS 87% of the final cohort (n = 310) reported symptom improvement at 21-28 mo post-discharge. Patients with new onset CAC symptoms showed a median decrease of 9-10 points in OAB and QoL scores, while those with existing symptoms experienced a decrease of 6 points. Overall, 95.4% of patients with new onset symptoms reported symptom improvement at follow-up, contrasting with 60.7% among those with existing symptoms. CONCLUSION This study presents the first long-term follow-up of adult patients with CAC, revealing a promising prognosis with conservative management measures in the context of Long COVID. These findings provide reassurance to patients regarding symptom resolution and underscore the need for further research into this evolving aspect of COVID-19's impact on urological health.

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Impact of Covid-19 Infection on Incidence and Exacerbation of Overactive Bladder Symptoms: A Systematic Review

Amini,

Einollahi,

Saadat

et al. 2024

TOPHJ

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a major global health concern. A key factor is the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in various organs, including the lungs, heart, bladder, and testicles. These receptors allow the SARS-CoV-2 virus to enter cells, making these organs vulnerable to damage. This vulnerability may explain why some patients experience non-respiratory symptoms. Notably, overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and a condition called COVID-associated cystitis (CAC) have been reported to negatively affect the quality of life of COVID-19 patients. A systematic review is needed to summarize the current understanding of these urological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, considering both short- and long-term effects. Methods We conducted a systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to investigate urological complications of COVID-19, with a specific focus on OAB symptoms and CAC (characterized by frequent urination, urgency, and nocturia). We searched databases, including Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Scopus. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, and the quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results Our search identified 343 articles published up to March 2024, of which 12 were included in this review. Many of the studies utilized scoring systems such as the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and OAB symptom scores. The evidence suggests that COVID-19 may trigger or worsen lower urinary tract symptoms, OAB, and cystitis in some patients, regardless of gender or age. However, these effects appear to be uncommon. Several studies reported an increase in IPSS scores, though it remains unclear whether this increase is temporary or long-lasting. A few studies found that symptoms resolved over several months. Conclusion This systematic review suggests that COVID-19 may affect the urinary system, leading to symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and nocturia. These symptoms can negatively impact the quality of life in COVID-19 patients.

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COVID-associated cystitis: the culprit behind the bladder woes post-COVID infection? A review

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Identification of shared pathogenetic mechanisms between COVID-19 and IC through bioinformatics and system biology

Identification of shared pathogenetic mechanisms between COVID-19 and IC through bioinformatics and system biology

Prolonged impacts of COVID-19-associated cystitis: A study on long-term consequences

Impact of Covid-19 Infection on Incidence and Exacerbation of Overactive Bladder Symptoms: A Systematic Review

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