Cow's Milk Allergy and Bone Mineral Density in Prepubertal Children

Mailhot, Geneviève; Perrone, Vanessa; Alos, Nathalie; Dubois, Josée; Delvin, Edgar; Paradis, Louis; Roches, Anne Des

doi:10.1542/peds.2015-1742

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A further study in children with persistent cow's milk allergy also found a lower BMD in this population but found no correlation between BMD and calcium and vitamin D intake in the group with cow's milk allergy. The authors of that study hypothesised that this could be explained by the high steroid use within the group with cow's milk allergy, which may impact on calcium absorption and that the source of calcium in the healthy controls originated mainly from dairy‐containing foods that also contain other bone nutrients such as magnesium, zinc, phosphorous and potassium . The most pressing clinical question is whether this can be corrected once children outgrow their allergy and therefore prevent a long‐term effect.…”

Section: Micronutrient Deficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional disorders resulting from food allergy in children

Meyer

2018

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

116

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The elimination of food allergens that contribute essential nutrients in paediatrics may lead to the development of nutritional disorders. The most common nutritional disorders include poor growth, micronutrient deficiencies and feeding difficulties. Of the aforementioned, growth faltering has been well studied and is seen as a common presenting factor in paediatric food allergy. However, the use of different criteria and cut-off values makes it difficult to establish the overall effect. The impact of number and type of foods eliminated and comorbidities has yielded varying results, although there seems to be a trend towards worsening growth with atopic dermatitis and the avoidance of cow's milk. Low micronutrient intake is common in paediatric food allergy; however, a low intake does not necessarily translate into a deficiency as measured by biomarkers. Vitamin D and calcium have been well studied, and a long-lasting impact on bone mineral density has been found. However, other micronutrient deficiencies have also been found and should also be considered. Feeding difficulties is a common complaint in clinical practice, but limited data have been published in food allergy. Poor growth and reflux/vomiting have been shown to be associated with feeding difficulties, in particular in non-IgE-mediated food allergies. There seems to be a long-lasting effect on feeding, in particular in cow's milk allergy, which needs to be taken into account with dietary input. The interplay between growth, feeding difficulties and micronutrient deficiencies has been implied in some studies, but cause and effect is not well established and requires further research.

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Section: Micronutrient Deficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional disorders resulting from food allergy in children

Meyer

2018

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

116

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“…At the same time, the vitamin D status assessed based on concentration of 25(OH) vitamin D in blood serum of children with allergy was not reduced compared with control subjects, but this group had a lower calcium intake. Furthermore, in approximately 50% of children with allergy, the use of calcium and vitamin D supplements was declared [28]. Numerous authors point to adverse effects of long-term milk-free diet in children with allergy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

Int J Aller Medications

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“…The effect of bone mineral density (BMD) on CMPA was studied in small populations of pre-pubertal children and of young adults [16]. In lumbar spine, z-scores were lower in CMPA children (n = 52) than in controls [16]. Calcium intake respected the American Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) in 39% of CMPA children vs. 74% of controls (p = 0.003).…”

Section: Micronutrients and Macronutrients Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzed Rice Protein-Based Formulas, a Vegetal Alternative in Cow’s Milk Allergy

et al. 2020

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Formulas adapted to infant feeding, although most of the time made from cow’s milk proteins, can be made from hydrolyzed rice protein but they must be classified as “formulas for specific medical needs”, according to European regulations. The nutritional quality of rice proteins is thus suitable to be used in infant formulas giving that it is supplemented by certain amino acids which can be lacking. Besides, hydrolysis is required to facilitate their water solubility and digestibility. Owing to a low allergenicity of rice and to the absence of the cross-allergy between milk proteins and rice proteins, these formulas are adapted to the diet of children with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA), which explains their growing use in some countries. However, CMPA, an expanding disorder, has consequences for growth, bone mineralization, and often has an association with allergy to other foods, including cow’s milk extensive hydrolysate, so that a surveillance of the adaption of hydrolyzed rice protein formulas (HRPF) to CMPA, the absence of unexpected side effects, and the appropriate response to its various health hazards seems mandatory. This paper analyses the health problem deriving from CMPA, the industrial development of hydrolyzed rice protein formulas, and the limited number of clinical studies, which confirms, at the moment, a good allergic tolerance and safety. The goal is to better advise heath care professionals on their use of HRPFs during CMPA.

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Cow's Milk Allergy and Bone Mineral Density in Prepubertal Children

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Nutritional disorders resulting from food allergy in children

Nutritional disorders resulting from food allergy in children

Untitled

Hydrolyzed Rice Protein-Based Formulas, a Vegetal Alternative in Cow’s Milk Allergy

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