Coxiella burnetii penetration into the reproductive system of male mice, promoting sexual transmission of infection

Kruszewska, D; Tylewska-Wierzbanowska, Stanisława

doi:10.1128/iai.61.10.4188-4195.1993

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This may have been useful in confirming positive samples, but was not attempted in this study due to the lack of a validated means to do so and to the likelihood that the blood-borne stage of infection is transient. Bacteremia has only been detected for up to 7 days following infection in mice (Kruszewska and Tylewska-Wierzbanowska, 1993) and 10 days following infection in monkeys (Waag et al, 1999). As it takes 2-3 wk following infection for antibody development (Kishimoto and Burger, 1977), it is likely that an antibody-positive sample would be negative on blood PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Coxiella Burnetii in Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus Fuliginosus) in Western Australia

Potter

Banazis

Yang

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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We investigated the role of the western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) in the maintenance and transmission of Coxiella burnetii in Western Australia. Sera from 1,017 kangaroos were tested using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of C. burnetii antibodies. The overall antibody prevalence across 12 locations throughout mid- to southwestern Western Australia was 24.1% (95% CI: 21.6-26.8). Feces from 990 of the same animals were tested using PCR to identify active shedding of C. burnetii in excreta. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in 4.1% (95% CI: 3.1-5.6) of samples. Our results suggest that kangaroos are reservoirs for C. burnetii in Western Australia and may contribute to transmission of the organism to domestic livestock and humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Coxiella Burnetii in Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus Fuliginosus) in Western Australia

Potter

Banazis

Yang

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…39 Coxiella burnetii has been isolated from the epididymis tissue in experimentally infected mice. 40 Although colonization of renal tubules is a feature of chronic leptospiral infection, localization of leptospires in the uterus of pregnant and nonpregnant females and the reproductive tract in males is also common. 18 Because of the strong association between these pathogens and the reproductive tract, uterus, placenta, and epididymides were collected for qPCR detection of Leptospira spp., Brucella spp., and C. burnetii.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Endemic Zoonoses in Pigs Presenting for Slaughter in Kampala, Uganda

Atherstone

Mgode

Dhand

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Leptospirosis, brucellosis, and Q fever (coxiellosis) are bacterial zoonoses that cause acute febrile illness in people as well as reproductive losses in pigs. Pig keeping is an increasingly important livelihood to millions of smallholder farmers in Uganda because of exponential increases in demand for pork. The prevalence of leptospirosis and Q fever in pigs is unknown, and the few studies of porcine brucellosis have estimated a range of seroprevalence. Therefore, we undertook a prevalence survey of leptospirosis, brucellosis, and Q fever in pigs using quantitative real-time PCR to determine the potential importance of these zoonoses to the growing pig sector in Uganda. Six hundred forty-nine pigs were sampled in 2015-2016 at an urban pork slaughterhouse. Ten percent of pigs (n = 68) had leptospiral DNA in either their kidney or reproductive tissue. In adjusted analyses, variables predictive of leptospiral status included female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 2.37, P < 0.01) and pigs sampled in March 2016 (OR: 2.23, P = 0.02) and October 2016 (OR: 0.30, P = 0.04). DNA fingerprinting revealed circulation of at least four distinct serovars in these pigs. Brucella spp. and Coxiella burnetii DNA were not detected in any sampled pig. This is the first report of widespread circulation of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in pigs in Uganda, suggesting that leptospirosis likely has a greater impact on the health of pigs than was previously recognized. Pig farmers, pig traders, and slaughterhouse workers may be at greatest occupational risk because of their direct contact with infective leptospires in aborted fetuses, bodily fluids, and other tissues.

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“…In a murine model, it was demonstrated that once C. burnetii has gained the host bloodstream, during the first week of infection it penetrates different organs, and bacteria can be found in spleen, liver, epididymis, prostate, and semen. At 3 weeks, degenerative changes in capillary blood vessels and the surrounding tissues of the adipose envelope of the epididymis are concomitant to the circulation of infected macrophages, and bacteria shed to semen can be transmitted from male to female by sexual intercourse (404). At 4 months postinfection, C. burnetii was detected in abdominal, inguinal, and dorsal adipose tissues, whereas no bacteria were detected in blood, liver, lung, and spleen, and the transfer of adipose tissue from convalescent mice to naive immunodeficient mice resulted in the infection of the recipient host (405).…”

Section: Camels: Another Animal Reservoir Of C Burnetii Besides Rumimentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella burnetii in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius): A Possible Threat for Humans and Livestock in North Africa and the Near and Middle East?

et al. 2020

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The "One Health" concept recognizes that human health is connected to animal health and to the ecosystems. Coxiella burnetii-induced human Q fever is one of the most widespread neglected zoonosis. The main animal reservoirs responsible for C. burnetii transmission to humans are domesticated ruminants, primarily goats, sheep, and cattle. Although studies are still too sparse to draw definitive conclusions, the most recent C. burnetii serosurvey studies conducted in herds and farms in Africa, North Africa, Arabian Peninsula, and Asia highlighted that seroprevalence was strikingly higher in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) than in other ruminants. The C. burnetii seroprevalence in camel herds can reach more than 60% in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan, and 70 to 80% in Algeria and Chad, respectively. The highest seroprevalence was in female camels with a previous history of abortion. Moreover, C. burnetii infection was reported in ticks of the Hyalomma dromedarii and Hyalomma impeltatum species collected on camels. Even if dromedary camels represent <3% of the domesticated ruminants in the countries of the Mediterranean basin Southern coast, these animals play a major socioeconomic role for millions of people who live in the arid zones of Africa, Middle East, and Asia. In Chad and Somalia, camels account for about 7 and 21% of domesticated ruminants, respectively. To meet the growing consumers demand of camel meat and milk (>5 million tons/year of both raw and pasteurized milk according to the Food and Agriculture Organization) sustained by a rapid increase of population (growth rate: 2.26-3.76 per year in North Africa), dromedary camel breeding tends to increase from the Maghreb to the Arabic countries. Because of possible long-term persistence of C. burnetii in camel hump adipocytes, this pathogen could represent a threat for herds and breeding farms and ultimately for public health. Because this review highlights a hyperendemia of C. burnetii in dromedary camels, a proper screening of herds and breeding farms for C. burnetii is urgently needed in countries where camel breeding is on the rise. Moreover, the risk of C. burnetii transmission from camel to human should be further evaluated.

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Coxiella burnetii penetration into the reproductive system of male mice, promoting sexual transmission of infection

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence of Coxiella Burnetii in Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus Fuliginosus) in Western Australia

Prevalence of Coxiella Burnetii in Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus Fuliginosus) in Western Australia

Selected Endemic Zoonoses in Pigs Presenting for Slaughter in Kampala, Uganda

Coxiella burnetii in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius): A Possible Threat for Humans and Livestock in North Africa and the Near and Middle East?

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