Coxsackie B viral infection presenting with hemorrhagic pericardial effusion and pleural effusion

Abstract

We report an 11-year-old female child presenting with hemorrhagic pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade along with moderate left ventricular dysfunction, who screened positive for Coxsackie B infection in the setting of cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. She needed emergency pericardiocentesis. She also had massive bilateral hemorrhagic pleural effusions requiring bilateral chest drains placement. With a presumed diagnosis of acute myopericarditis, she was treated with steroids and ibuprofen. She made a full recovery without any further recurrence of pericardial or pleural effusion.

Hemopericardium: A Comprehensive Clinical Review of Etiology and Diagnosis

“…Other cancer types such as lymphoma, melanoma, mesothelioma, and renal cell carcinoma are also documented but less frequent. Viral infections, notably coxsackie B virus and coronavirus disease 2019, along with bacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus, represent the predominant infectious etiologies of HPE described in contemporary medical literature [7][8][9][10][11].…”