Crack Cocaine and Sex

Maranda, Michael; Han, Chenglong; Rainone, Gregory

doi:10.1080/02791072.2004.10400032

“…[16][17] The most frequent risk behaviours in this population are having a high number of sexual partners and engaging in unprotected sex, usually motivated by the need to acquire the substance. [36][37] In the present study, we did not investigate such risky behaviour. Therefore, prior use of intravenous drugs was considered the main cause for HIV infection among these users.…”

Section: -12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death among crack cocaine users

Ribeiro

¹

,

Dunn

²

,

Sesso

³

et al. 2006

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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A b s t r a c t Objective: The study accompanied 131 crack-cocaine users over a 5-year period, and examined mortality patterns, as well as the causes of death among them. Method: All patients admitted to a detoxification unit in Sao Paulo between 1992 and 1994 were interviewed during two follow-up periods: 1995-1996 and 1998-1999. Results: After 5 years, 124 patients were localized (95%). By the study endpoint (1999), 23 patients (17.6%) had died. Homicide was the most prevalent cause of death (n = 13). Almost one third of the deaths were due to the HIV infection, especially among those with a history of intravenous drug use. Less than 10% died from overdose. Conclusions: The study suggests that the mortality risk among crack cocaine users is greater than that seen in the general population, being homicide and AIDS the most common causes of death among such individuals.Keywords: Crack cocaine; Longitudinal studies; Mortality rate; Cause of death; Substance related disorders Resumo Objetivo: O estudo acompanhou, por cinco anos, um grupo de 131 usuários de crack e observou os padrões de mortalidade, bem como as causas mortis entre esses. Método: Todos os pacientes que se internaram em um serviço de desintoxicação, localizado no município de São Paulo, entre 1992-1994 foram entrevistados em duas ocasiões: 1995-1996 e 1998-1999. Resultados: Após cinco anos, 124 pacientes foram localizados (95%). Vinte e três pacientes (17,6%) haviam morrido ao final do quinto ano de seguimento, sendo os homicídios a causa mortis mais prevalente (n = 13). Quase um terço dos pacientes morreu devido à infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV), especialmente aqueles com antecedentes pessoais de uso de drogas endovenosas. Menos de 10% dos pacientes morreu de overdose. Conclusões: O estudo sugere que os usuários de crack têm maior risco de morte do que a população geral, sendo os homicídios e a AIDS as causas mais observadas.Descritores: Cocaína crack; Estudos longitudinais; Coeficiente de mortalidade; Causa da morte; Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias

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“…In the United States, female prostitution has already been extensively reported and male prostitution has recently been identifi ed. 12, 15 Maranda et al 15 suggested that there were different etiologies for the two types of prostitution. That is, while female prostitution was exclusively the product of the craving for crack, male prostitution seemed to be the combined product of the craving and the increased sexual libido induced by crack.…”

Section: Illegal Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caracterização da cultura de crack na cidade de São Paulo: padrão de uso controlado

Oliveira

¹

,

Nappo

²

2008

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OBJECTIVE:To characterize the situation regarding crack cocaine use in the city of São Paulo, along with the sociodemographic profi le of its users. METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES:Qualitative ethnographic study carried out with an intentional sample of crack cocaine users (n=45) and former users (n=17). The participants were recruited by means of the chain sampling method and they underwent a semi-structured interview guided by a questionnaire, in 2004 and 2005. The combination of each question and its respective responses gave rise to specifi c reports that were interpreted individually. ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS:The predominating profi le of the crack cocaine users was that they were single young men of low socioeconomic class and low schooling level, without formal employment ties. The pattern of use most frequently cited was compulsive, characterized by multiple drug use and carrying out illegal activities in exchange for crack cocaine or money. However, controlled use was also identifi ed. This consisted of non-daily use of crack cocaine mediated by individual factors that were developed intuitively by the user. Controlled use was similar in nature to the strategies adopted by former users to achieve a state of abstinence. CONCLUSIONS:The culture of crack cocaine use has undergone changes regarding the pattern of use. Although most users do so compulsively, the existence of controlled use was observed. This deserves to be investigated in more detail, particularly with regard to the strategies adopted to attain this.

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“…12, 15 Maranda et al 15 suggested that there were different etiologies for the two types of prostitution. That is, while female prostitution was exclusively the product of the craving for crack, male prostitution seemed to be the combined product of the craving and the increased sexual libido induced by crack.…”

Section: Illegal Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caracterização da cultura de crack na cidade de São Paulo: padrão de uso controlado

Oliveira¹,

Nappo²

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE:To characterize the situation regarding crack cocaine use in the city of São Paulo, along with the sociodemographic profi le of its users. METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES:Qualitative ethnographic study carried out with an intentional sample of crack cocaine users (n=45) and former users (n=17). The participants were recruited by means of the chain sampling method and they underwent a semi-structured interview guided by a questionnaire, in 2004 and 2005. The combination of each question and its respective responses gave rise to specifi c reports that were interpreted individually. ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS:The predominating profi le of the crack cocaine users was that they were single young men of low socioeconomic class and low schooling level, without formal employment ties. The pattern of use most frequently cited was compulsive, characterized by multiple drug use and carrying out illegal activities in exchange for crack cocaine or money. However, controlled use was also identifi ed. This consisted of non-daily use of crack cocaine mediated by individual factors that were developed intuitively by the user. Controlled use was similar in nature to the strategies adopted by former users to achieve a state of abstinence. CONCLUSIONS:The culture of crack cocaine use has undergone changes regarding the pattern of use. Although most users do so compulsively, the existence of controlled use was observed. This deserves to be investigated in more detail, particularly with regard to the strategies adopted to attain this.

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Crack Cocaine and Sex

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Causes of death among crack cocaine users

Causes of death among crack cocaine users

Caracterização da cultura de crack na cidade de São Paulo: padrão de uso controlado

Caracterização da cultura de crack na cidade de São Paulo: padrão de uso controlado

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