Crack detection in aluminium plates for aerospace applications by electromagnetic impedance spectroscopy using flat coil sensors

Pitropakis, Ioannis; Pfeiffer, Helge; Wevers, Martine

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2012.01.013

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This kind of components are used in aerospace applications so the exported data will provide a valid example of a real-world problem rather than a purely theoretical exercise. In this specimen under these specific load conditions the critical length of the crack is 5.6mm [8,9].…”

Section: Results Of the Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A customized electrical potential difference method for in situ monitoring of propagating cracks using a stochastic algorithm

et al. 2021

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In this paper, a modified direct current potential drop (DCPD) method for real-time measurement of the length, the inclination and the position of cracks is presented. Based on the proposed configuration, it is possible to process the data acquired by continuously measuring the change in the electrical resistance (potential drop) between specific points on the specimen in real time and correlate them with the propagation of the crack and thus identifying its crucial characteristics. Furthermore, many aspects that affect the electromagnetic field inside materials have been identified. In that way the influence of unwanted factors can be significantly reduced which has led to a better understanding of the relation between the implemented voltage values and the fracture itself. Therefore, conclusions are drawn about the structural integrity of any given specimen through a risk assessment after the crack characteristics have been calculated. In order to achieve this, a variety of techniques were implemented including the development of a stochastic algorithm along with a customized experimental layout so as to accomplish high accuracy for the prediction model as well as robustness towards other influencing parameters such as temperature and humidity.

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Section: Results Of the Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A customized electrical potential difference method for in situ monitoring of propagating cracks using a stochastic algorithm

et al. 2021

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“…However, bulky and cumbersome equipment was still used, thus reducing the portability of the monitoring device. Another method that shows interesting results is the one proposed by Pitropakis et al (2012), in which an unusual hardware was proposed. These authors utilize eddy current sensors for damage detection on medium to large critical areas on the aircraft, as based on the variation of the impedance of a coil sensor.…”

Section: The Emi Measurement Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical Impedance - Based Structural Health Monitoring Instrumentation System Applied to Aircraft Structures and Employing a Multiplexed Sensor Array

Maruo¹,

Giachero²,

Júnior³

et al. 2015

J.Aerosp. Technol. Manag.

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ABSTRACT:The electromechanical impedance method has been seen as a promising tool for structural health monitoring regarding different types of structures and purposes. Most importantly, this method can be used in real-time applications. Frequently, massive, high-cost, single-channel impedance analyzers are used to process the time domain data, aiming at obtaining the complex, frequency-dependent electromechanical impedance functions and therefore infer about the presence, position and extent of an existing damage. However, for large structures, it is desirable to deploy an array of piezoelectric transducers over the area to be monitored and interrogate these transducers successively, in order to increase the probability of successful detection of damage at an early phase. The literature describes many miniaturized systems that can monitor large structures, however, presenting serious restrictions on data acquisition capabilities. This paper presents a hardware that is not limited to any data acquisition restriction, exhibiting an innovative way to measure the electromechanical impedance of multiplexed bonded transducers. Each logical block of the proposed architecture is presented in detail. The proposed system not only avoids costly fast Fourier transform analyzers/ algorithms, but also evades high-speed data acquisition hardware. A prototype using inexpensive integrated circuits and a digital signal processor was built and tested for two different types of structures: an aluminum beam and an aircraft aluminum panel. Simulated damages were introduced to each structure, and the detection performance of the prototype was tested. The actual prototype uses a universal serial bus connection to communicate with a personal computer.

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“…Because of the skin effect, ECT measurements with a high-frequency excitation field is commonly used to detect surface defects in conductive materials, while a low-frequency field is used to excite eddy currents, the current penetrates deeply into the surface, and inner defects can be detected. [19][20][21] As a fast and low-cost noncontact inspection method for millimeter-sized metallic components, ECT has been widely applied to evaluate metallic material, such as copper alloy material in energy and aerospace fields. 22,23) Induction coils are often used to detect the secondary field change, and the field noise is typically around 1 μT/Hz 0.5 at about 100 Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial magnetic tunnel junction based sensors for detecting far-side pits in metallic specimens

Jin

Ihsan

Oogane

et al. 2019

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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The high sensitivity of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is independent of the field frequency, and sensors based on them have shown considerable potential in measuring secondary fields during eddy current nondestructive testing (ECT). In this study, sensors with 4, 16, 28, 40, and 52 serial MTJs were fabricated and characterized for detecting variations in magnetic fields. These micrometer-sized TMR sensors with serial MTJs exhibited low detectivities (2.0 ∼ 5.1 nT/Hz0.5 at 100 Hz). Furthermore, in ECT measurements, the sensors were used to detect far-side pits in a copper specimen, and the sensor with 28 serial MTJs offered the highest signal-to-noise ratios when detecting far-side pits with various diameters (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm). In addition, the TMR sensors could detect millimeter-sized far-side pits having various depths and diameters, suggesting that they could detect buried defects in ECT.

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Crack detection in aluminium plates for aerospace applications by electromagnetic impedance spectroscopy using flat coil sensors

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

A customized electrical potential difference method for in situ monitoring of propagating cracks using a stochastic algorithm

A customized electrical potential difference method for in situ monitoring of propagating cracks using a stochastic algorithm

Electromechanical Impedance - Based Structural Health Monitoring Instrumentation System Applied to Aircraft Structures and Employing a Multiplexed Sensor Array

Serial magnetic tunnel junction based sensors for detecting far-side pits in metallic specimens

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