Crack detection in steel girders of bridges using a broken wire electronic binary sensor

Raeisi, Farnaz; Mufti, Aftab A.; Mustapha, G.; Thomson, D. J.

doi:10.1007/s13349-017-0211-1

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Detected crack opening in room temperature was 0.14 ± 0.01 mm with standard deviation of 0.02 mm, at −30°C was 0.16 ± 0.01 mm with standard deviation of 0.06 mm, and at +40°C was 0.14 ± 0.01 mm with standard deviation of 0.02 mm. Results of these experiments are discussed in previous works . The sensor has also been field tested on a 30‐m–span girder of a bridge in Canada .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A number of monitoring techniques are known to be capable of detecting cracks before they grow to an unsafe state . Two general categories of sensors are available: discrete (such as strain gauges, short gauge, or long gauge sensors) and distributed (such as fiber optic sensors, smart film, and coaxial cables) . With the discrete monitoring method, strain sensors are installed at positions so that the strain perturbations due to crack formation can be detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fiber optic sensors and smart films are two examples of distributed sensors . In addition, in previous work, a distributed binary crack sensor has been demonstrated . The binary crack sensor is composed of an insulated wire bonded to the steel girder using a carefully selected adhesive (Figure a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Wire is not broken at crack openings less than 0.2 mm. (c) Wire breaks as soon as the crack opening exceeds 0.2 mm…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placement of distributed crack sensor on I‐shaped steel girders of medium‐span bridges, using available field data

Raeisi

Mufti

Algohi

et al. 2019

Struct Control Health Monit

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Summary It is critical to detect cracks in steel girders of bridges before they have the potential to compromise the integrity of the structure. Both distributed binary sensors and distributed fiber optic sensors are capable of detecting cracks that are wider than 0.2 mm in steel girders. The objective of this paper is to report the optimum placement of these sensors on the girder to detect smallest possible length of the crack. In this work, the optimized placement of crack sensors was studied using FEM of two typical medium‐span simply supported steel girder bridges (Girder A, 30‐m–long span, and Girder B, 22‐m–long span). Using loads estimated from field monitoring data and FEM, a map of crack opening along the length of the crack was calculated for stable crack lengths. Using these maps and given the detectable crack opening of 0.2 mm, the optimum place to position a distributed crack sensor to detect the smallest crack length was determined. For Girder A, the sensor should be placed at 150 to 250 mm above flange at midspan and at one third from the support, and for the rest of the length of the girder, it should be placed at 200–300 mm above the bottom flange. For Girder B, the optimum placement for installation of binary sensor is estimated to be at 150 to 220 mm above the tension flange. The proposed method of calculation of placement can be used for installation of distributed sensors on other types of bridges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Wire is not broken at crack openings less than 0.2 mm. (c) Wire breaks as soon as the crack opening exceeds 0.2 mm…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Placement of distributed crack sensor on I‐shaped steel girders of medium‐span bridges, using available field data

Raeisi

Mufti

Algohi

et al. 2019

Struct Control Health Monit

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hu [20] presented a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) vibration sensor for online monitoring of the cable vibration characteristics of Tongwamen bridge. Raeisi [21] developed a new low-cost and accurate binary sensor comprised of wire bonded onto the girder using an adhesive to detect cracks in steel girders. A connected pipe system was used in the vertical deflection monitoring for a suspension bridge in China [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Health Monitoring and Time-Dependent Effects Analysis of Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge with Extra-Wide Concrete Girder

Zhou

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:The present work is aimed at studying the structural health status of Hunan Road Bridge, which is currently the widest concrete self-anchored suspension bridge in China. The monitoring data included the structural deformations, internal forces, and vibration characteristics from April 2015 to April 2016 were analyzed to evaluate the structural changes and safety. The influences brought by the ambient temperature changes and the dual effects composed of concrete shrinkage & creep (S&C) and seasonal temperature changes were analyzed based on the measured data. The long-time effects of concrete S&C were predicted using the CEB-FIP 90 model and the age-adjusted effective modulus method based on the ANSYS beam finite element model. The measured data showed that the transverse displacements of towers were more significant than the longitudinal ones. The spatial effect of the extra-wide girder is significant, which performs as the longitudinal stresses change unevenly along the transverse direction. The seasonal ambient warming caused overall increases in girder compressive stresses, and the cooling resulted in decreases along with significant temperature gradient effects. The prediction results show that the cable anchoring positions at girder ends and tower tops will move towards the mid-span affected by concrete S&C. In terms of the middle region of mid-span girder, significant increases in longitudinal stresses of top plate and decreases in the ones of bottom plate will be caused by the significant deflection. Comprehensively, the increases in the girder compressive stresses of side-span bottom plate and mid-span top plate are worthy of attention when confronted with extreme high temperature during the bridge service life cycle.

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Existing metallic bridges in Egypt: current conditions and problems

Hassan

Elsawaf

Abbas

2017

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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Crack detection in steel girders of bridges using a broken wire electronic binary sensor

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Placement of distributed crack sensor on I‐shaped steel girders of medium‐span bridges, using available field data

Placement of distributed crack sensor on I‐shaped steel girders of medium‐span bridges, using available field data

Structural Health Monitoring and Time-Dependent Effects Analysis of Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge with Extra-Wide Concrete Girder

Existing metallic bridges in Egypt: current conditions and problems

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